经过三天的努力 Three days of digging
这只丽龟终于自由了 And this olive ridley turtle is free,
但在进入大海之前 它并不安全 But not safe, until she gets to the sea,
海洋孕育早期的生命 Where early life evolved and
如今近80%的动物依然生活在大海中 Where nearly 80% of animals still live.
今年在哥斯达黎加沿岸出生的所有幼龟中 Of all the hatchlings born this year on the costa rican coast,
只有十分之一能够顺利抵达大海 Only 10% will make it.
现在它可以游刃有余了 Now she's in her element.
但它的生命旅程才算刚刚开始 But her journey has just begun.
大约十年后 它将再回到这片海岸 In ten years' time, she will return to these shores
产下属于自己的卵 To lay eggs of her own,
只要它能活下来 If she survives.
海洋世界瞬息万变 难以预测 The ocean is a fluid and unpredictable world,
它以宽广的胸怀接纳了这里所有的动物 And all those that live here are at its mercy.
水深火热的星球
海洋约占地球表面积的70% Our planet's oceans cover 70% of its surface,
浩瀚海洋中99％的空间都是适宜生命生存的 And provide an incredible 99% of its habitable space.
海洋对我们来说可能是一个陌生的世界 This may be an alien world to us,
但它却是许多动物的家园 But it's home to an extraordinary range of animals,
其中既会有海中庞然大物 From the biggest,
也会有令人惊讶的奇异生物 To the strangest creatures in our world.
即便它们已经适应了海洋环境 Even for the most marine adapted,
但生存仍是不易 Life isn't easy.
海里的生活方式与地面生活 Survival at sea is a completely different game
截然不同 To survival on land,
何况这是一个生存法则不断变化的时代 Especially when the rules keep changing.
海洋
在大西洋和印度洋交汇的地方 Where the atlantic and indian oceans meet,
两大海洋宿敌之间 即将爆发一场新的冲突 New conflicts between old foes are brewing.
海水温度上升 鱼群被迫向东 Rising sea temperatures are pushing fish eastward
游至较凉爽的水域 To cooler waters.
南非 罗伯格半岛
一群以鱼类为食的动物随之而来 Those that feed on them have followed.
毛皮海狮 Fur seals.
它们的新家险象环生 Their new home is treacherous,
这里不仅风高浪急 And it's not just the waves,
更大的危险还暗藏在水面之下 It's what lies beneath.
这里并非学习游泳的理想地点 Not the best place to learn to swim,
但却是一头大白鲨的完美狩猎场 But the perfect hunting ground for a great white shark.
这只落单的小毛皮海狮太靠近岸边了 This pup has strayed too close to the edge.
它此时已经无计可施 Now it's out of its depth.
小毛皮海狮和鲨鱼展开周旋 A pup can outmaneuver a shark,
但它坚持不了很长时间 But only for so long.
在半数类似的对抗中 毛皮海狮都会以惨败收场 Half of all such encounters end badly for seals.
成年毛皮海狮面对鲨鱼持续不断的威胁 The adults must deal with this persistent menace,
会有何对策呢 But how?
它们需要一只勇敢的毛皮海狮挺身而出 It takes one brave seal to lead the way.
其它的也加入了 Others join.
它们很快团结起来 围攻入侵者 Soon they are a mob, harassing the intruder.
这是一个冒险的策略 鲨鱼随时可能卷土重来 It's a risky strategy; sharks can turn on a dime.
它们一起战胜了强劲的对手 Together they have overcome a giant.
小毛皮海狮们安全了 至少目前如此 The pups are safe, at least for now.
浅海大陆架是海洋中最为富饶的 Shallow continental seas are the most productive waters in
水域 Our oceans.
那里的生存竞争也最为激烈 They are also some of the most competitive.
挪威 雷莎夫乔丹峡湾
在冬季 天寒地冻的峡湾水域将会上演 During winter, these freezing fjords are the stage for one
一场极为震撼的野生动物奇观 Of the biggest wildlife spectacles on the planet.
这群虎鲸每年都会回到这里 This orca pod comes here every year.
它们由一头雌性虎鲸带领 They're led by a matriarch;
它大约有70岁了 She could be 70 years old.
对这群捕鱼专家来说 For a pod that specialize in hunting fish,
这样的机会不容错过 This is an unmissable event.
数以十亿计的 Herring.
鲱鱼 Billions of them.
它们的数量甚至超过了地球上的总人口 More fish here than people on the planet.
然而鱼群的规模越大 But the bigger the shoal,
虎鲸就越难锁定目标 The harder it is to single out a target.
虎鲸需要另辟蹊径 The orca need to come at the problem from another angle.
虎鲸群密切合作 将鱼群化整为零 各个击破 Coordinating their attack, they divide and conquer.
掠食者们一心瓦解鱼群 Herders work to split the shoal.
虎鲸们使出了杀手锏 Then in come the big hitters,
它们用尾巴砸向水面 引发一股冲击波 Slamming their tails, creating a shockwave,
每次甩尾最多可以击晕30条鱼 Stunning up to 30 fish with each blow.
它们必须迅速行动 They must work quickly.
它们并不是这里唯一的猎手 They're not the only hunters here.
座头鲸也赶到了 它的重量是虎鲸的6倍 Humpbacks, six times the weight of an orca.
座头鲸能一口吞下超过90公斤的鲱鱼 They can devour more than 200 pounds of herring in one gulp.
虎鲸根本无法和座头鲸匹敌 The orca simply can't compete.
但只要它们敢于面对 But they can switch tactic,
海洋中最危险的掠食者 As long as they're prepared to face down
那么就能策略致胜 The most dangerous predator in the ocean.
在海洋中 哪里有食物 In the ocean, where there is food,
哪里就会有战斗 There's usually a fight.
在挪威的峡湾水域之外 这群虎鲸即将面对 Off the fjords of norway, these orca are about to take
最具攻击性的海洋猎手 On the most aggressive ocean hunters of all,
我们人类 Us.
像这样的一艘渔船 Fishing boats like this can scoop up
每天可以捕捞800吨鲜鱼 800 tons of herring a day,
远超虎鲸和座头鲸猎食数量的总和 Out-fishing orca and humpbacks combined.
严峻的形势迫使虎鲸 Desperation has forced these orca
在逆境中寻求新的机会 To turn this new obstacle into opportunity,
它们开始将那些漏网之鱼 Picking off the fish that slip through
作为猎食目标 Their competitors' nets.
近年来 人们对渔业实施的配额管理 保障了鲸鱼和人类 Recently imposed quotas ensure there are enough herring for
对鲱鱼的需求 Humans and whales.
然而放眼 全球前景依然不容乐观 But the global picture isn't so bright.
人类消耗的鱼类数量较以往增长迅猛 We are consuming more fish than ever before.
许多鱼类的种群规模越来越小 Reducing many stocks to little more than scales.
海洋的生态平衡 一旦被打破 就很容易遭到入侵 Unbalanced oceans are open to invasion,
一种奇特的生命体趁虚而入 By strange life forms.
它们的生命始于渺小的水螅体 They start life as pinhead sized polyps,
但它们在尺寸上的劣势 可以通过数量来弥补 But what they lack in size they make up for in numbers.
它们以微小的浮游生物为食 Gorging on tiny plankton,
生长 变异 并繁殖 They grow, mutate and multiply
形成一群克隆体 Into an army of clones.
现在每个水螅体都成了一条生产线 Now each polyp becomes a production line
它们有着同一个目的 With one purpose.
生成新的水母 Creating new jellyfish.
水母体内含有95％的水分 Bodies that are 95% water
可以轻而易举地生长 Can easily grow and grow,
直到它们变成庞大的怪物 Until they are monsters.
没有骨头 没有血液 甚至没有大脑 No bones, no blood or even brains,
它们却能完美适应当今变化下的海洋 But perfectly suited to today's transforming seas.
它们无惧气温升高 Resistant to increasing temperature,
氧气减少 盐度变化 Decreasing oxygen, changing salinity,
酸度上升 甚至塑料污染 Rising acidity, even plastic pollution.
海洋生态系统被大量的水母侵占之后 When a jellyfish swarm takes over,
就很难完全恢复了 Some ecosystems never fully recover.
人类活动的影响也波及到了全球最大的海洋栖息地 Our impact also extends to the biggest marine habitat of all.
远海 The open ocean.
远海覆盖了全球面积的一半以上 It covers more than half the globe,
但这里的食物越来越稀缺 But food here is increasingly scarce.
但有一种动物的觅食路线依然如故 Yet one animal perseveres, despite needing
它每天需要摄入的热量多达150万卡路里 One and a half million calories every day.
北太平洋 九英里海岸
蓝鲸 它是有史以来最大的动物 The blue whale, the largest animal ever to have lived.
它的身长相当于一辆18轮大货车 She's as long as an 18 wheeler,
心脏大如小汽车 With a heart as big as a car
舌头的重量则可以抵过一头大象 And a tongue that weighs as much as an elephant.
它一年中游过的里程 Just this year, she's swum far enough to have
足以环绕地球 Circumnavigated the globe.
而它的目标就在这里 All in search of this.
磷虾 Krill.
这是海洋食物链中 One of the most important species
最重要的物种之一 In the marine food chain.
蓝鲸每次一张嘴 入口的海水和磷虾 With each monumental gulp, she takes in enough water and
足以填满一辆校车 Krill to fill a school bus.
它的舌头会将口腔中的海水推向鲸须板 Her tongue forces the water back out through the bristly
过滤并排出 保留下多达200万只磷虾 Plates on her jaw, trapping up to two million krill.
蓝鲸曾遭人类捕杀 一度濒临灭绝 Blue whales were hunted to the brink of extinction.
尽管它们仍危在旦夕 Although they're still endangered,
但自20世纪60年代捕鲸禁令出台后 Since a ban on whaling in the 1960s,
它们的数量在全球范围内有所增加 Their numbers have increased worldwide,
特别是在加利福尼亚海岸附近 And here, off the coast of california,
它们的数量几乎完全恢复了 They have almost completely recovered.
广阔的远海或许是一个孤独的地方 The vast, open ocean can be a lonely place.
这只绿海龟已经在这里独自度过了30年 This green turtle has spent 30 years out here on her own.
它想方设法找到了足够的食物 存活并长大 Somehow, she's found enough food to survive and grow.
现在它准备回家了 Now she's ready to return home,
而这将是一段危险的旅程 But it will be a dangerous journey.
马来西亚 诗巴丹岛
正逢繁殖季节 数百只绿海龟聚集在一起 It's the breeding season, and hundreds of turtles are
想争取到一位伴侣 Gathering to try and win a partner.
雄性绿海龟的交配频率是雌性的4倍 Males mate about four times as often as females,
因此这只雌性绿海龟成为了焦点 So she attracts a lot of interest.
这只雄性紧追不舍 This male is quick to latch on.
但其它对手不会善罢甘休 But the others won't give up without a fight.
马来西亚沿岸 Off the coast of malaysia,
迎来了绿海龟的繁殖季 It's green turtle breeding season.
这只雌性已经找到了配偶 This female has found a mate,
而其它雄性却打算棒打鸳鸯 But other males are intent on splitting the pair.
它们攻击雄海龟的龟肉 Targeting the male's soft flesh,
强迫它松开配偶 They try to force him to let go.
但雌海龟的处境最为危险 But the female has the most to lose.
雄性的追求越激烈 它消耗的氧气就越多 The fiercer the pursuit, the more oxygen she burns.
应激状态下的海龟可以在几分钟内缺氧而死 A stressed turtle can drown in minutes.
雌性海龟渴望浮到水面呼吸 She's desperate to reach the surface and breathe,
但其中一只追求者不愿放弃 But one challenger just won't give up.
雌性海龟就快没力气了 The female is running on empty.
终于纠缠它们的那只海龟离开了 Finally, the intruder backs off just long enough.
雌性绿海龟安全了 但在短短几周后 She's safe, but in just a few weeks she will face the final
它将面临这场伟大旅程中的终极考验 Hurdle in her epic struggle to continue her line.
热带阳光照耀下的浅海 Where the tropical sun meets the shallow seas,
有着最为繁华的海洋栖息地 You find the busiest ocean habitat of all:
珊瑚礁 Coral reefs.
珊瑚礁占据的海底总面积不足千分之一 They account for less than a thousandth of the sea floor,
却养育了四分之一的海洋物种 But are home to a quarter of all marine species.
在这个拥挤而危险的地方 In this crowded and dangerous place,
找到一个安身之处十分关键 Finding shelter is essential.
一些动物藏在层层叠叠的珊瑚中 Some hide in the coral maze,
而另一些则在浅滩寻找庇护所 Others seek sanctuary in the shoal.
这两种方式都不能做到万无一失 But neither tactic guarantees safety.
蓑鲉是删瑚礁水域效率最高的杀手之一 Lionfish are one of the most efficient killers on the reef.
然而一种更大的威胁 Yet there is a far greater threat facing
正在逼近这里的所有生物 All those who live here.
在过去的75年里 我们的海洋一直在逐渐变暖 Our seas have been steadily warming for the past 75 years.
而现在升温的速度越来越快 Now it's happening faster than ever before.
这一现象对所有海洋生物产生了深远的影响 It's having a profound impact on life throughout our oceans.
而珊瑚礁是首当其冲的 Coral reefs are particularly vulnerable.
哪怕只上升3摄氏度 珊瑚也难以承受 Just a 3 degree temperature rise is too much for coral.
它们被迫排出为自己提供食物的藻类 It forces them to expel the algae that feed them
同时失去色彩 And give them their color.
这种白化现象说明珊瑚正在走向 This bleaching is the first step towards an
不可逆的消亡 Almost irreversible demise.
除非海洋温度下降 否则珊瑚礁将变得一片荒芜 Unless temperatures drop, the reef becomes a wasteland.
30年来 In three decades,
全球四分之一的珊瑚已经消失 We've lost over a quarter of the world's corals,
约有4000种鱼类无家可归 Home to around 4000 species of fish.
如果水温继续变暖 其余的珊瑚同样在劫难逃 If warming continues, we could lose the rest.
美国加利福尼亚州 海峡群岛
就连那些生活在深海的生物也无法避免 Even those that live far below aren't safe from
水温升高升高带来的恶果 Rising ocean temperatures.
这是一条乳光枪乌贼 Opalescent squid.
在过去的几年里 海洋变暖扰乱了 In the past few years, warming seas disrupted their mating
它们的交配习惯 它们的数量急剧下降 Habits, and their numbers have fallen dramatically.
但今年 在低温洋流的帮助下 我们又能得见 But this year, an influx of cold water has revived
它们盛大的交配仪式 Their breeding ritual.
它们纷纷游至浅滩 在月光下交配 A trip to the shallows to mate by moonlight.
雄性乳光枪乌贼捕获雌性 并使卵子受精 Males grab the females and fertilize their eggs,
之后 受精卵会被安置到海床上 Which are then deposited on the sea floor.
整个过程短暂而激烈 It's a brief and brutal affair.
交配几天后 它们都会死亡 Within days of mating they will all die.
但它们的后代会存活下来 But their legacy lives on.
每个卵鞘中含有多达300个新生命 Each capsule contains up to 300 new lives.
一个成果斐然的繁殖期 可以扭转这个物种 One successful breeding season can go a long way towards
近年来持续减少的局面 Reversing their recent bad fortunes.
那些还活着的乳光枪乌贼 Those still alive retreat back to a place beyond
回到了阳光无法触及的深海 The reach of the sun,
在那里 巨大的压力之下 鱼类的外观发生改变 Where crushing pressures have morphed bodies,
成为噩梦般的怪物 Into the stuff of nightmares.
深海堪称地球上最为恶劣的生存环境之一 To reach one of the most hostile environments on earth,
深海世界深入水下数千米 You must descend thousands of feet,
远离阳光 直抵海底 Beyond the sun's reach, down into the ocean's depths.
深海的压力能将你像易拉罐一样压瘪 The pressure here would crush you like a soda can.
这里依然有生命存在 只是我们对它们知之甚少 There is life, just not as we know it.
在深海中 75％的动物会发光 75% of animals make their own light.
它们拥有巨大的眼睛 Eyes are super-sized
可以捕捉到微小的亮光 To catch what tiny luminescence there is,
它们的身体大多很柔软 And soft bodies dominate.
在这片辽阔的深海荒野中 In this vast, abyssal wilderness,
寻找配偶是一个很大的难题 One of the toughest trials is finding a mate.
鮟鱇鱼有一种别出心裁的办法 Angler fish have a grizzly solution.
这只巨大的雌性身旁 This giant female's tiny hanger-on
有一只小巧的雄性追求者 Is a male angler fish.
许多雄性鮟鱇鱼从未找到配偶 Many males never find a mate.
但如果找到了 它们绝不轻易分开 Those that do, never let go.
雄性的嘴巴与雌性的身体融为一体 His mouth fuses with her very tissue.
这只雄性唯一的营养来源就是配偶的血液 His only nourishment, her blood.
它们的生命合二为一 Bonded for life.
这种极端的环境让我们惊奇不已 This alien environment is full of surprises.
深海中甚至还会下雪 It even snows down here.
有机物碎屑历经数周 Flakes of organic matter fall for weeks
最终下落到海底 Towards the sea floor.
它们一路上 为海洋生态系统提供动力 Along the way, they fuel an ecosystem of
滋养了大大小小的海洋生物 Microscopic animals and graceful giants.
这是冥河水母 The stygiomedusa jellyfish.
它的带状触手长达9米 能够吸收 Its ribbon-like arms extend up to 30 feet to absorb tiny
微小的浮游生物 不过这仅是我们的推测 Planktonic creatures, or so we believe.
时至今日 关于深海动物 Even today, the lives of these deep-sea monsters
我们仍有很多未解之谜 Remain shrouded in mystery.
但最令人惊讶的是 But the biggest surprise of all,
这个黑暗的海洋世界 This marine underworld is one of the most
是地球上最稳定的栖息地之一 Stable habitats on the planet,
丝毫不受海面状况的影响 Out of touch with what's happening far above.
狂暴海洋的罪魁祸首是太阳 The sun has fueled a monster.
它照射下的海面温度升高 海水蒸发 It heats surface waters until they evaporate and build into
形成海洋风暴 人类对此束手无策 Oceanic storms that render humans powerless.
一旦条件成熟 And when conditions are just right,
海洋风暴就可能演变成地球上一种最为强大的 They grow into one of the most formidable forces
力量 On the planet:
飓风 Hurricanes.
飓风形成热带海洋 They form over tropical seas,
之后破坏范围不断扩大 Then their devastation spreads.
飓风可以释放出大量的能量 They release so much energy that just one could power
相当于全球一周的用电量 Our entire planet for a week.
随着全球气温不断上升 And as global temperatures rise,
飓风变得越来越强劲 Hurricanes are growing stronger.
美国佛罗里达州 大西洋沿岸
这是风暴到来之前的平静海面 This is the calm before the storm.
大多数人已经回到了室内 Most people are already taking shelter.
但就在近海处 另外一些动物还在前进 But just off shore, others are on the move.
数以百万条鲻鱼 Mullet in their millions.
很少有人听说过 但这却是美国 Few have heard of it, but this is one of the
规模最大的动物集聚现象之一 Largest gatherings of any animal in the united states.
成群结队的鲻鱼要趁温度降到很低之前 The mullet need to reach their spawning grounds
一直向南进发 到达它们的产卵地 Further south before temperatures drop too low.
海洋中如此规模的鱼群必然会引来关注 Such a mass of fish in the sea doesn't go unnoticed.
各路顶尖猎手纷纷大显神通 Expert hunters attack the shoal from every angle.
水面之下 大海鲢和黑鳍鲨虎视眈眈 Below are the tarpon and blacktip sharks.
水面之上 鹈鹕和鱼鹰俯冲突袭 Above, pelicans, and osprey.
即将到来的风暴掀起滚滚浪涛 As the waves are whipped up by the approaching storm,
上下起伏的海水对鲻鱼十分有利 The pendulum swings in the mullet's favor.
在湍急的水流中 In the turbulent, shallow water,
它们的天敌难以瞄准 They're harder to target.
最后 巨浪袭来 Finally, the swells grow too powerful,
风暴即将登陆 As the storm makes landfall.
在沿海地区 海洋风暴创造了 Along the coast, ocean storms create some of
许多令人震撼的自然奇观 Nature's most awe inspiring wonders.
葡萄牙的纳扎雷市 Nazaré in portugal
出现了世界上最大的海浪 Sees some of the biggest waves in the world,
高度相当于十层楼房 Towering as high as ten stories.
但是如果海洋风暴频发 But the stormier our seas become,
生活在海岸边的动物将受到严重威胁 The more those living on the coast suffer.
这片岛屿危在旦夕 An island on the edge of existence.
富兰克群岛 新岛 （马尔维纳斯群岛）
这里是南跳岩企鹅的家园 Home to rockhopper penguins.
虽然有一层致密的脂肪提供保护 A dense layer of fat gives them some protection.
但它们仍然可能受伤 Still they take a battering.
这只企鹅妈妈不能退缩 This mother can't back out now.
它的小企鹅需要食物 Her chick needs food.
企鹅爸爸接替了它的岗位 And its dad's turn to hold the fort.
聚居地的生活很艰难 Life in the colony is tough.
鱼类种群减少 海面波涛汹涌 Declining fish stocks and rougher seas
它们很难获得食物 Have made food harder to come by.
企鹅妈妈必须去捕猎 Mum has to hunt,
而这片波澜壮阔的大海 And what was already a rough sea
即将变得更加凶险难测 Is about to get a whole lot rougher.
近30年来最强大的风暴近在眼前 The most powerful storm in almost 30 years is closing in.
这群跳岩企鹅将会面对史无前例的巨大挑战 Worse than anything these penguins have faced before.
在地球的最南端 On the far south of the globe,
残酷的风暴终于消退了 A brutal storm is finally subsiding.
但对这群南跳岩企鹅来说 But for these rockhopper penguins,
海浪仍然足以致命 The waves are still deadly.
前去觅食的企鹅们陆续回来了 The latest shift of hunters returns.
但这只小企鹅的妈妈不见踪影 But this chick's mum is nowhere to be seen.
终于 它出现了 Then, she appears.
它赶上了最后一批企鹅 Amongst the last stragglers.
它安然无恙地归来了 Home and dry.
短短12个小时后 它将重返大海 In just 12 hours, she'll return to battle the waves.
再次为小企鹅挺而走险 And risk her life for her chick once more.
从最初之时 Right from the very beginning,
海洋就是我们这个星球上生命的摇篮 The ocean has been a cradle of life on our planet,
许多海洋动物面对变化多端的环境时 And the many creatures that still live here are
拥有坚韧不拔的求生欲望 Really a legacy of that irrepressible will to
并能成功繁衍生息 Succeed in a turbulent world.
无论海洋中暗藏怎样的危机 No matter what the ocean has thrown at them,
它们总能顽强地应对 Somehow they've managed to endure.
这位准妈妈克服重重困难 Against near impossible odds, this mum-to-be has found her
成功地抵达了它出生的海滩 Way back to the beach where she was born.
自十多年前破壳而出之后 It's the first time she's been on land
它再次回到了陆地 Since hatching over a decade ago,
而它非形单影只 And she's not alone.
数十万只雌性丽龟 Hundreds of thousands of female olive ridley turtles
正要返回哥斯达黎加沿岸 Are returning to the Costa Rican coastline
产卵 To lay their eggs.
3000万年来 海洋中的生命故事循环往复 A cycle of life sustained by the sea for 30 million years.
它们的旅程从未如此艰难 Never has their journey been harder,
但到目前为止 这些海龟 Yet so far, these turtles are still
在瞬息万变的时代中仍在默默坚守 Holding on in these fast changing times.
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