Fresh water. 淡水
Some animals can't breed without it. 有些动物没有它就不能繁殖
But correctly predicting its arrival 但是正确地预测它的到来
can be the difference between success 成功与否的区别是什么
and disaster. 和灾难
A giant African bullfrog. 一只巨大的非洲牛蛙
He's the size of a dinner plate, 他有餐盘那么大
and he weighs half a kilo. 他有半公斤重
He's been buried for the last six months. 他已经被埋葬了六个月了
Now he needs to find a mate . 现在他需要找个伴侣
and he doesn't have long. 而且他没多久
The newly-arrived rains have created pools that trigger 新来的雨水形成了水池 引发了洪水
this year's mating jamboree. 今年的交配狂欢
He's not the first to the party. 他不是第一个来参加聚会的人
And what is more,it will be all over within the next 24 hours. 更重要的是 这一切将在未来24小时内结束
This pool is already crowded with males, 这个游泳池已经挤满了雄性
like a downtown bar on a Friday night. 就像周五晚上市中心的酒吧
The females will soon arrive,ready to lay their eggs. 雌性很快就会到达 准备产卵
So this is where a male needs to be. 所以这就是男性需要的地方
But the battle-scarred faces are a warning. 但那些饱经风霜的面孔是一个警告
This pond is not for the faint-hearted. 这个池塘不适合胆小的人
The males occupy the centre of the pond and fight to hold 雄性占据了池塘的中心 并奋力争夺
a place there. 那里有个地方
Their calls will attract females,but they will have to get 它们的叫声会吸引雌性 但它们必须
to the centre if they're to meet the strongest males. 如果他们想见到强壮的雄性 就去中心
So if a male is going to mate,that's where he needs to be. 所以 如果雄性要交配 那就是它需要的地方
Which,for a latecomer,means running the gauntlet. 对于一个迟到的人来说 这意味着挑战
As any prize-fighter knows, 任何职业拳击手都知道
dodging the hits is all part 躲避打击是一切的一部分
of winning the bout. 赢得这场比赛的希望
And by doing what frogs do best, 通过做青蛙最擅长的事
he reaches the centre unscathed. 他毫发无损地到达中心
But his victory may not last long. 但他的胜利可能不会持续很久
New contenders are arriving. 新的竞争者正在到来
And this is one of those they've all 这是他们所有人中的一个
been waiting for - a female. 一直在等待——一个女人
She wants to get to the centre too. 她也想去中心
After all,that's where she will meet the strongest males. 毕竟 她会在那里遇到最强壮的男性
Swimming there underwater is her best chance 在那里游泳是她最好的机会
of reaching them. 我很想找到他们
If a male is to mate,he must stay in the centre. 如果雄性要交配 它必须呆在中间
And he won't be able to do that without a fight. 他不打一架是做不到的
These battles are no-holds-barred 这些战斗是不可阻挡的
and could even be fatal. 甚至可能是致命的
The latecomer accepts defeat. 迟到者接受失败
Not everyone can win in the mating game. 不是每个人都能在交配游戏中获胜
So it's his rival who holds the centre of the pond 因此 他的对手占据了池塘的中心
and gets the females. 然后得到雌性
The pool will soon dry up. 游泳池很快就会干涸
So for this year,at least, 因此 至少在今年
he's missed his chance. 他错过了机会
Patagonia. 巴塔哥尼亚
On the high plateau, 在高原上,
the spring thaw reveals 春天的解冻揭示了一切
a land of lakes. 湖光山色
The water here comes not from rains, 这里的水不是来自雨水
but from melting snow and ice. 但是由于冰雪融化
One of the rarest birds in the world travels long distances to get 世界上最稀有的鸟类之一 长途旅行以获取食物
here and breed. 在这里繁殖
A hooded grebe,one of just 700 that still survive. 一个戴着兜帽的格雷布 只有700人幸存
This is a female,so she's extremely important if this species 这是一只雌性 所以如果这个物种
is to survive. 是为了生存
She doesn't fight to claim a mate. 她不会为了求偶而打架
She dances. 她跳舞
The most experienced males are the best dancers 最有经验的男性是最好的舞者
because they've done all this before. 因为他们以前做过这一切
So her challenge is to mate with one of them. 所以她的挑战是与其中一只交配
To do that, 为此,
she will have to prove that she too can dance. 她必须证明她也会跳舞
Just getting noticed would be a start. 仅仅是引起注意就是一个开始
Couples are pairing off all around, 情侣们在各处结对
but her calls go unanswered. 但她的电话无人接听
Two is company,and as perhaps she should have known, 第二个是同伴 也许她应该知道
three is a crowd. 三是人群
A solitary male must be a better possibility . 一个孤独的男性肯定是更好的选择
but he's not keen either. 但他也不热心
The lakes will freeze again before long, 湖水不久将再次结冰
so an invitation to dance is a very welcome sign. 所以邀请跳舞是一个非常受欢迎的信号
But a rival for his affections brings it to a swift end. 但是 一个争夺他的感情的对手很快就结束了这一切
And just as she was getting started. 就在她刚开始的时候
It's not going well. 事情进展不顺利
And if she can't have him . 如果她不能得到他
Perhaps finding a gift for him will help. 也许给他找个礼物会有帮助
If she can find a partner,they will nest among the milfoil 如果她能找到一个伴侣 他们将在乳香中筑巢
plants when its flowers appear on the water surface. 当它的花出现在水面上时的植物
Presenting strands of it is part of the courtship ritual. 呈现这些片段是求爱仪式的一部分
She just needs to find someone to give it to. 她只需要找个人给她
His bending over backwards is perhaps a sign 他向后弯腰也许是个迹象
that he is not interested. 他不感兴趣
But who's this? 但这是谁？
Could he be the dance partner that she's been looking for? 他可能是她一直在寻找的舞伴吗？
The timing of her moves is crucial. 她的行动时机至关重要
His precision shows that he's danced this routine before, 他的精准度表明他以前也跳过这种舞
and more importantly,that he has already been a parent. 更重要的是 他已经是父母了
It's looking good. 看起来不错
Finally,having completed the performance, 最后,演出结束了,
she seals their bond 她封了他们的关系
with a strand of milfoil . 用一束牛奶纸
a symbol of their commitment to the work ahead. 象征着他们对未来工作的承诺
And one of hope for the survival of this most endangered of birds. 这是这种最濒危鸟类生存的希望之一
Many species migrate to lakes 许多物种迁移到湖泊
at a specific time in order to breed. 在特定的时间为了繁殖
And for some,doing so comes at great cost. 对一些人来说 这样做的代价是巨大的
This female sockeye salmon started from far out in the Pacific Ocean 这种雌性红眼鲑鱼起源于遥远的太平洋
and then continued up one of Alaska's great rivers 然后沿着阿拉斯加的一条大河继续前行
for a further 160 miles in order to reach Iliamna Lake. 再行驶160英里 才能到达伊利安纳湖
Her arrival coincides with that of others. 她的到来与其他人的到来不谋而合
Lots of them. 很多
Every summer,over three and one half million sockeye come 每年夏天 都会有超过350万只袜子出现
here.It's the largest salmon run in the world. 在这里这是世界上最大的鲑鱼养殖场
When they entered fresh water,they stopped feeding, 当它们进入淡水时 它们停止进食
so the bodies of the females now have room for developing eggs. 所以雌性动物的身体现在有发育卵子的空间
But their energy is dwindling,and they have yet to reach 但是他们的能量正在减少 他们还没有达到目标
the spawning grounds that lie upstream beyond the lake. 湖面上游的产卵场
But now they face more immediate threats. 但现在他们面临更直接的威胁
While they try desperately to evade the grizzly bears 当他们拼命躲避灰熊的时候
that attack them from the lakeshore, 从湖边袭击他们
another threat comes from deep water. 另一个威胁来自深水
Iliamna Lake is home to freshwater seals. 伊利亚姆纳湖是淡水海豹的家园
Despite these onslaughts, 尽管有这些攻击
great numbers of the migrants survive 大量的移民幸存下来
and swim on upstream,undeterred. 逆流而上 不受阻碍
There are far more salmon 鲑鱼多得多
than the predators can eat. 比捕食者能吃的还多
At last,they reach the shallow streams. 最后 他们到达了浅溪
So far on their journey,there has been safety in numbers. 到目前为止 在他们的旅程中 有很多人是安全的
But now,at the spawning ground, 但是现在 在产卵场
it's every fish for itself. 每一条鱼都是为了自己
A female starts digging a nest 一只雌性开始挖巢
and quickly attracts the attention of a male. 很快就吸引了男性的注意
Quivering his fins is a male's version of a pick-up line. 抖动着鳍的是一条雄性版的钓线
She has a mate for now,but with more fish 她现在有一个伴侣 但有更多的鱼
continuing to arrive, 继续抵达,
room for nests is running out. 巢的空间快用完了
Rival females try to steal her mate,her nest or both. 雌性竞争对手试图偷走她的配偶 她的巢穴或两者兼而有之
But she quickly sees them off. 但她很快就送走了他们
Nests now cover the stream bed. 巢穴现在覆盖了河床
She releases her eggs . 她释放她的蛋
he fertilises them . 他给它们施肥
and their work is done. 他们的工作完成了
But she doesn't start on a return journey. 但她并没有开始返程
This was always a one-way trip. 这总是一次单程旅行
None of the salmon,male or female, 不管是公鲑鱼还是母鲑鱼
has eaten since leaving the ocean . 离开海洋后就吃了
and now their exhausted bodies begin to collapse. 现在他们疲惫的身体开始崩溃
Pacific salmon only breed once 太平洋鲑鱼只繁殖一次
in their lives,and having done so, 在他们的生活中 并且已经这样做了
they die. 他们死了
They seemed inexhaustible while being driven 他们在开车时似乎用之不竭
by the urge to reproduce. 由于繁衍后代的冲动
These have won the mating game. 它们赢得了交配游戏
But it cost them their lives to do so. 但他们为此付出了生命代价
Salmon from the Pacific migrate 太平洋鲑鱼迁徙
in their search to find a safe place 他们在寻找一个安全的地方
to lay their eggs. 产卵
But when suitable sites for nests are particularly rare,competition 但当适合筑巢的地点特别稀少时 竞争就更加激烈了
can get intense. 可能会变得紧张
These are the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States. 这些是美国东部的阿巴拉契亚山脉
Here,in just a very few rivers,live monsters 在这里 只有很少的几条河流 生活着怪物
with a truly ancient ancestry. 有着真正古老的祖先
Some call them snot otters . 有人称之为鼻水獭
others mud devils. 其他的泥鬼
Their most common name,however,is hellbender. 然而 他们最常见的名字是hellbender
But common they are not. 但它们并不常见
Hellbenders are very rare indeed. 地狱蛇确实非常罕见
This male is very well camouflaged,and he rarely moves. 这只雄性动物伪装得很好 很少移动
So in practice,he's almost invisible. 所以在实践中 他几乎是隐形的
Hellbenders are a kind of giant salamander. 海蛇是一种大鲵
He may grow up to 60 centimetres long. 他可以长到60厘米长
They're usually very shy, 他们通常很害羞
but during the few weeks each year 但是在每年的几个星期里
when summer turns to autumn and the river starts to flow 当夏天转为秋天 河水开始流动
more strongly,the hellbenders start to move around. 更强烈的是 地狱弯曲者开始四处移动
He's looking for somewhere to nest - 他在找个地方安家-
a rock,but not just any rock. 一块石头 但不仅仅是任何一块石头
This particular slab he knows well. 他对这个特殊的板块很熟悉
He's chosen it before. 他以前选过
Such rare,heavier stones don't get easily washed away. 这种罕见、较重的石头不容易被冲走
The space underneath it is well hidden and the current flowing 它下面的空间隐藏得很好 水流也在流动
swiftly through it will bring the oxygen needed 迅速通过它将带来所需的氧气
for developing eggs. 用于发育卵
The females are already on the move, 雌性已经开始行动了
battling their way upstream towards him. 他们奋力向上游冲去
He just needs to hold on to his den until they get there. 他只需要抓住他的巢穴直到他们到达那里
But every year other males arrive to challenge him. 但每年都有其他雄性来挑战他
They come at him from all sides. 他们从四面八方向他袭来
They're even lining up to try and take over his den. 他们甚至排着队试图接管他的巢穴
But as he fights,the strong current carries him away from the den 但当他战斗的时候 强大的水流把他带离了巢穴
and another rival sees a chance. 另一个对手看到了机会
Back in the nick of time. 在关键时刻回来
Exhausting. 使人精疲力竭的
But this is the time when he has to secure a mate. 但这是他必须找到配偶的时候
With temperatures dropping,the turbulent winter water becomes 随着温度的下降 冬季湍急的水流变得越来越大
rich in oxygen needed by developing eggs. 富含卵子发育所需的氧气
These days,increasing erosion of the land 这些天来 土地的侵蚀越来越严重
is blocking hellbender dens with sediment. 正在用沉积物堵塞海尔本德巢穴
So now this one,more than ever,is worth fighting for. 因此 现在这一点比以往任何时候都更值得为之奋斗
He's been forced out of his home. 他被迫离开了家
But after all he's been through,he's not about to concede. 但在他经历了这么多之后 他不会让步的
His rival gives up. 他的对手放弃了
He is still the boss. 他仍然是老板
And now,at last,a welcome visitor. 现在 终于有了一位受欢迎的客人
He greets her with what is known to hellbender watchers 他用海尔本德观察者所知道的话问候她
as a courtship kiss. 作为求爱之吻
Her belly is full of eggs 她的肚子里装满了鸡蛋
and she slips in beside him. 她溜到他身边
Then strangely,after days of brawling, 奇怪的是 经过几天的争吵
rival males are also allowed to enter. 竞争对手的男性也被允许进入
Perhaps he's now too exhausted to fight 也许他现在太累了 无法战斗
or has some strategy we don't know about. 或者有一些我们不知道的策略
Other females then visit the den and add their eggs 其他的雌性随后会去巢穴并添加它们的卵
to the communal clutch,which he will protect. 他会保护的公共离合器
He has become a baby-sitter for the whole hellbender community. 他成了整个hellbender社区的保姆
In the freshwater world,it's often the males who look after the young. 在淡水世界里 通常是雄性照顾幼仔
But even when these duties are left to one parent, 但即使这些责任留给了一位家长
the mating game may still demand carefully timed coordination. 交配游戏可能仍然需要谨慎的时间协调
In South America,water levels across the Amazon basin rise 在南美洲 亚马逊河流域的水位上升
and fall with the seasonal rains. 随着季节性降雨而下降
If this male splash tetra is going to mate successfully, 如果这只雄性四联体能够成功交配
he needs the water level to rise. 他需要水位上升
It's low at the moment, 现在很低
but every drop of rain brings it closer to his requirements. 但每一滴雨都使它更接近他的要求
As the rain begins to ease,he tries to find out if he's high enough yet. 雨开始缓了 他想看看自己是否够高了
A few well-aimed splashes help him to estimate the distance. 几次瞄准良好的水花帮助他估计距离
He's looking for a place 他在找一个地方
where a female can lay her eggs away from predators. 雌性可以在远离捕食者的地方产卵
But to assess the situation properly, 但要正确评估形势,
he does something truly extraordinary. 他做了一件非常了不起的事
The water he splashes on to the leaf 他溅到叶子上的水
momentarily delays his fall back into the river. 一时间 他又回到了河里
Now he turns his attention to a female. 现在他把注意力转向一位女性
Because what comes next needs the two of them. 因为接下来的事情需要他们两个
If they're to mate successfully, 如果它们要成功交配
they must hit the leaf simultaneously. 它们必须同时击中树叶
After she's laid her eggs,he spreads his jaw and fins 她下蛋后 他张开下巴和鳍
to help him cling on just long enough to fertilise them. 帮助他坚持足够长的时间让它们受精
This extraordinary way of laying keeps the eggs safe 这种特殊的产卵方式保证了鸡蛋的安全
from underwater predators. 来自水下捕食者
But for him,it creates one final challenge. 但对他来说 这带来了最后一个挑战
Out of the water,the eggs are in danger of drying out. 离开水 鸡蛋有干涸的危险
Problem solved. 问题解决了
With the female gone,he alone takes the responsibility 随着女性的离去 他独自承担责任
for ensuring their eggs will stay wet 确保他们的蛋保持湿润
until they hatch in a few days' time. 直到它们在几天后孵化
The splash tetra pair had to synchronise their moves, splash tetra双人必须同步动作
but in other cases,the mating game requires thousands of individuals 但在其他情况下 交配游戏需要成千上万的个体
to work in harmony. 和谐地工作
In the Great Rift Valley of East Africa, 在东非大裂谷
fractures in the Earth's crust have been filled with fresh water 地壳的裂缝中充满了淡水
over millions of years by the annual rains. 数百万年来每年的降雨
But in many of these lakes, 但在许多湖泊中
the water doesn't stay fresh for long. 水不能长时间保持新鲜
Scalding volcanic waters from deep below ground 地下深处滚烫的火山水
carry up salts dissolved from the rocks. 把从岩石中溶解的盐带上来
Not much is able to live in these caustic lakes. 在这些腐蚀性的湖泊中 没有多少人能够生存
But one kind of bird flocks to them. 但有一种鸟成群结队地向它们飞去
Lesser flamingos gather here in millions 小火烈鸟以百万计聚集在这里
to feed on the microscopic algae that develop 以发育的微藻为食
in these super salty waters. 在这些超咸的水里
A male flamingo must be well-fed before he can mate. 雄火烈鸟在交配前必须吃饱
And the algae and other microorganisms that flourish 还有藻类和其他微生物
in these briny waters are the only things that lesser flamingos eat. 在这些咸水中 小火烈鸟只能吃东西
But these organisms also contain toxins. 但这些生物体也含有毒素
The birds do not digest these substances, 鸟类不消化这些物质
but store them in their plumage out of harm's way. 但要把它们放在羽毛里 以免受到伤害
And it's these that turns them pink. 正是这些使它们变成粉红色
The more well-fed he is,the rosier he becomes 他吃得越饱 身体就越健康
and the more attractive he is to his potential mate. 他对他的潜在伴侣越有吸引力
As the water gets deeper, 随着水越来越深
the flamingos have to find new ways to collect their food. 火烈鸟必须找到收集食物的新方法
He's getting pinker with every mouthful. 他每吃一口都会发红
There is a female out there for him, 有一个女人在等他
but he can only find her when she and all his friends in the flock 但他只有在她和他所有的朋友在羊群里时才能找到她
are pink enough to begin their courtship dance. 他们的粉红色足以开始他们的求爱之舞
Each morning,the birds gather around the hot springs to drink 每天早上 鸟儿们聚集在温泉边喝水
and show off their newly pink feathers. 炫耀他们新的粉红色羽毛
It's a chance to see who is ready for dancing. 这是一个看谁准备好跳舞的机会
With his plumage in proper order, 他的羽毛排列整齐
he's keen to get the party started and show off to a female. 他渴望派对开始 并向一位女性炫耀
After weeks of feeding,with the whole flock in full colour, 经过数周的喂养 整只羊的颜色都变了
it seems that everyone is finally in the mood. 看来大家终于有心情了
Dance fever spreads throughout the flock. 舞蹈热在羊群中蔓延
And,at last,the performance begins. 最后 演出开始了
Both males and females are dancing. 男人和女人都在跳舞
Groups merge and co-ordinate their courtship. 团体合并并协调他们的求爱
Laying their eggs at exactly the same time 在同一时间下蛋
maximises their chicks' chance of survival, 最大限度地提高雏鸟的生存机会
and dancing together ensures 一起跳舞可以保证
that they're all in sync with one another. 它们都是同步的
If two birds find what they're looking for, 如果两只鸟找到了他们要找的东西
they leave the dancing group. 他们离开了舞蹈团
Exactly how a partner is chosen,we don't fully understand. 我们并不完全了解合作伙伴是如何选择的
But it seems that some flamingos try to select a partner 但似乎有些火烈鸟试图选择伴侣
with the same shade of pink as themselves, 和他们一样的粉红色
though how they judge that is still a mystery. 尽管他们如何判断这仍然是个谜
Lesser flamingos may have to wait many years 小火烈鸟可能要等很多年
before the water conditions are right to enable them to mate. 在水条件适合它们交配之前
But there are lakes where securing a mate 但也有湖泊可以保护配偶
can be a year-round preoccupation. 可能是一个全年的职业
Lake Tanganyika in East Africa is enormous, 东非的坦噶尼喀湖很大
deep and warm. 又深又暖
And it's been this way for millions of years. 数百万年来一直如此
Long-term stability allows long-term mating strategies. 长期稳定性允许长期的交配策略
This pile of shells,for example,is constantly getting bigger. 例如 这堆炮弹不断变大
It's likely to be several decades old. 它可能有几十年的历史了
It's certainly older than the current ruler, 它肯定比现在的统治者更古老
a male callipterus fish. 一种雄鱼
He is an underwater architect 他是一名水下建筑师
and busy collecting empty snail shells to add to his castle. 忙着收集空蜗牛壳 为他的城堡添砖加瓦
His pile is home to over 20 females, 他那一堆是20多名女性的家
who lay their eggs inside the shells. 他们在贝壳里下蛋
He does his best to ensure that they only mate with him. 他尽最大努力确保它们只与他交配
And doing so is a full-time job. 这样做是一项全职工作
There are eels here 这里有鳗鱼
that would happily make a meal of a shell full of eggs. 那会使一个装满鸡蛋的贝壳成为一顿美餐
But not if the king can prevent it. 但如果国王能阻止的话就不行了
He stole this castle of shells from a previous owner. 他从以前的主人那里偷了这座贝壳城堡
And if he lets his guard down, 如果他放松警惕
someone will certainly take it from him. 肯定会有人从他那里拿走的
Gangs of marauding bachelors are a constant nuisance. 成群结队的抢劫单身汉总是令人讨厌
And while the king of the shell castle is busy 当贝壳城堡的国王忙的时候
proving how tough he is . 证明他有多坚强
he's being watched by a sneak. 他被一个偷窥者监视着
He belongs to the same species,but he's a dwarf. 他属于同一物种 但他是个侏儒
He won't grow any bigger and he's ready to mate. 他不会长得更大 他已经准备好交配了
He just needs to get near enough to a female. 他只需要靠近一个女人
He is only one 50th of the weight of the king 他只是国王体重的50分之一
and if he can reach a shell with a female inside, 如果他能够到一个里面有雌性的贝壳
he's small enough to slip inside and mate with her. 他小到可以溜进去和她交配
Busted. 破产了
Back to square one. 回到原点
Every now and then,the king has to tackle someone his own size. 国王时不时地要对付和他一样大小的人
A serious contender is attempting to overthrow him. 一位严肃的竞争者正试图推翻他
Could this be a chance for the dwarf? 这是侏儒的机会吗？
He's close. 他很接近
Once inside with the female,he can fertilise her eggs 一旦进入雌性体内 他就可以让雌性受精
without the king ever knowing that he's been there. 国王不知道他去过那里
He might not be the biggest fish, 他可能不是最大的鱼
but he's definitely got one of the cheekiest strategies in the lake. 但他肯定有湖里最厚颜无耻的策略之一
These shenanigans continue month after month, 这些骗局一个月接一个月地继续着
thanks to the lake's extremely stable environment. 多亏了这个湖极其稳定的环境
But some environments in southern Africa are far from stable. 但南部非洲的一些环境远不稳定
The grassy plains in Zambia change radically every year. 赞比亚的草原每年都在急剧变化
They flood. 洪水泛滥
Many are home to lechwe,one of the most aquatic of antelopes. 许多是莱克韦的家 莱克韦是最水生的羚羊之一
With hooves that splay out wide and extra-strong hind legs, 马蹄张开 后腿特别结实
this female is able to travel across even deep swamps. 这只雌性甚至可以穿越很深的沼泽
But their watery world is now shrinking. 但他们的水世界正在缩小
It hasn't rained in months. 好几个月没下雨了
Before long,these swamp meadows on which the lechwe depend will be dry. 不久 莱赫赖以生存的沼泽草地将干涸
They turn into dusty plains with just a few 它们变成了尘土飞扬的平原 只剩下几片土地
small,muddy water holes. 泥泞的小水坑
This is the best time for a female to find a mate. 这是女性寻找伴侣的最佳时机
In a few months' time, 再过几个月,
when her young are born,things will be easier. 当她的孩子出生时 事情会变得容易些
So it's at this point that she starts to think 就在这一点上 她开始思考
about getting a partner. 关于找个搭档
Most of the time,male and female lechwe live quite separate lives. 大多数时候 男女勒赫我们过着完全不同的生活
She is now at her most fertile, 她现在正处于生育能力最强的时期
and she starts to leave the safety of the female herd. 她开始离开母牛群的安全地带
Alone,she's more vulnerable, 独自一人 她更脆弱
and the long,dry grass away 还有那长长的干草
from the swamp can only too easily conceal a lion. 从沼泽里躲起来的狮子太容易了
She mustn't stay away from the other females for long. 她不能长时间离开其他雌性动物
To survive here,you must be fit and strong, 要想在这里生存 你必须健康强壮
and those are exactly the characteristics 而这些正是它们的特点
she values in a mate. 她重视配偶
The best place to find a male with such qualities is even further 找到具有这种品质的男性最好的地方是更远的地方
away from the water. 远离水
Out here on the dry plains,the males are already 在干燥的平原上 雄性已经
competing for females. 争夺女性
Stabbing the ground with his horns is a male's way 用角刺地是雄性的方式
of demonstrating his strength. 展示他的力量
His next move is more direct. 他的下一步行动更直接
She remains unconvinced, 她仍然不相信
but this performance has caught 但这场演出吸引了观众
the attention of a rival male. 竞争对手的注意
She's here to mate with the strongest male, 她是来和最强壮的雄性交配的
and these battles will help her decide which one that is. 这些战斗将帮助她决定到底是哪一个
But they'd better get a move on. 但他们最好快点
There are plenty of other males that she could choose. 她可以选择很多其他的男性
Having seen off his rival, 送走了他的对手
he resumes his overtures to her. 他继续向她求婚
Perhaps because they're vulnerable when they get together,their union 也许是因为他们在一起时很脆弱 他们的联盟
is very brief. 它非常简短
Afterwards,he tries to remain close,but she has other ideas. 之后 他试图保持亲密 但她有其他想法
Her instinct is to seek safety in numbers. 她的本能是在数量上寻求安全
She's got what she came for and she heads back 她得到了她想要的东西 她回来了
to the female herd. 给母牛群
She's started her pregnancy at just the right time 她怀孕的时机正合适
to give her offspring,when it arrives,the best start in life. 给她的后代 当它到来时 生命中最好的开始
In Brazil,this wetland,the Pantanal,also dries out every 在巴西 潘塔纳尔湿地每年都会干涸
year,and this is the time when, 一年 这是
like the lechwe,caiman breed. 像莱克韦人一样 凯门鳄也有繁殖能力
But if he is to survive long enough to mate,this male will have to find 但如果他要存活足够长的时间来交配 这只雄性就必须找到
water of some kind. 某种水
The pool he came from has now dried up. 他来自的池塘现在已经干涸了
If he doesn't find a new one,he will die. 如果他找不到新的 他会死的
The land is littered with the remains of those who didn't reach 这片土地上到处都是未到达的人的遗骸
water in time. 及时浇水
But he is heading for one place 但他要去一个地方
where he knows that water 他在哪里知道水
will remain throughout the dry season. 将在整个旱季保持
He's made it. 他成功了
And he is not the only one to have done so. 他不是唯一一个这样做的人
So have thousands of others. 成千上万的人也是如此
And it's not only water that's here. 这里不仅有水
There are females as well. 也有女性
Late afternoon is a time to bask. 傍晚是晒太阳的时候
And although the dwindling pool 尽管游泳池越来越小
is now very crowded,they tolerate 现在非常拥挤 他们可以忍受
each other . 彼此
for the time being. 暂时
But by first light, 但一亮
the mood has changed. 心情变了
Surviving the drought is no longer a male's top priority. 在干旱中生存不再是男性的首要任务
If babies are to hatch out when the high water returns and life 如果婴儿要在高水位回归时孵化出来 生命
is easier,he needs to mate soon. 更容易 他需要尽快交配
And if he's to do that,he must claim a patch of this water 如果他要这么做 他必须要一小块水
as his own . 作为他自己的
because there isn't room for everyone. 因为没有空间容纳所有人
All around,males begin to assert their dominance. 在所有地方 男性开始维护自己的统治地位
The newcomer must stand his ground 新来的人必须坚持自己的立场
if he wants to remain a contender. 如果他想继续成为竞争者
But he must also know when to back down. 但他也必须知道什么时候该放弃
And there is usually someone 通常会有人
smaller for him to pick on. 小一点让他挑
By mid-morning,an uneasy calm descends. 到了中午 一种不安的平静降临
The newcomer has secured a patch. 新来的人得到了一块补丁
But he still has to convince a female that he's worth mating with. 但他仍然需要说服一只雌性动物 让它相信自己值得与之交配
And he has a plan. 他有一个计划
It starts with a grunt. 它以咕噜声开始
The next part of his courtship song,we can't hear,but we can see it. 他的求爱歌曲的下一部分 我们听不到 但我们可以看到
It is not the muscular movement of his body that make 并不是他身体的肌肉运动造成的
the water dance, 水上舞蹈
but the low frequency of his call. 但是他打电话的频率很低
This song contest may be inaudible 这场歌曲比赛可能听不见
to us,but not to female caiman. 对我们来说 但不是对女性凯门鳄
It attracts them from far and wide. 它从四面八方吸引着他们
Despite his rival's best efforts, 尽管他的对手竭尽全力
it is the newcomer who seems 似乎是新来的人
to be getting it right, 为了把事情做好
because he's got company. 因为他有客人
The water is so murky that actual 水是如此的浑浊以至于
mating is rarely visible . 交配很少可见
but every now and then two caiman appear a little more interested 但偶尔会有两个凯门鳄显得更感兴趣
in one another, 相互之间,
and something is clearly going on below the surface. 很明显 地下正在发生一些事情
Timing is crucial . 时间是至关重要的
as it is for all animals that come 就像所有来的动物一样
to breed in those variable and only 在那些变化无常的
too unpredictable of the Earth's environments, 地球环境太不可预测
its fresh waters. 它的淡水
In order to tell the story of the breeding migration of red salmon, 为了讲述红鲑鱼繁殖迁徙的故事
the Mating Game team had to choose the best location. 交配队必须选择最佳位置
After months of research,assistant producer Olly Scholey struck gold. 经过数月的研究 助理制片人奥利·斯科利（Olly Scholey）获得了金牌
So the reason we've come on this shoot really stems back to me 所以我们来拍这部电影的原因真的要追溯到我
just sitting on Instagram on a Sunday evening 周日晚上坐在Instagram上
and just scrolling through pictures,and I saw this one photo 只是滚动浏览图片 我看到了这张照片
of Iliamna Lake that Jason had taken and was just completely sold on 杰森占领的伊利安纳湖 被完全出卖了
coming here to film red salmon. 来这里拍摄红鲑鱼
There's gin-clear water,and you can just immediately see 有杜松子酒清水 你可以马上看到
in that picture that there's a really fascinating spawning dynamic 在这张照片中 有一个非常迷人的产卵动态
going on here. 这是怎么回事
Jason Ching is a local salmon biologist 詹森·程是当地的鲑鱼生物学家
and world-renowned wildlife photographer. 和世界著名的野生动物摄影师
He has taken the crew to the exact location where he took his picture. 他已经把船员带到他拍照的确切地点
Cinematographer David Reichert is hoping to film the details 摄影师大卫·赖切特希望拍摄这些细节
of the salmon courtship as never before. 从未有过的鲑鱼求爱
Filming underwater,one of the big struggles is the visibility, 在水下拍摄 最大的困难之一是能见度
being able to see a nice,sharp image. 能够看到一个漂亮、清晰的图像
So when I saw the picture from here,that was really exciting for me. 所以当我看到这张照片时 我真的很兴奋
To be able to work in that kind of water is .You know 能在那样的水里工作是 你知道的
you're going to be bringing home really beautiful stuff. 你会带回家非常漂亮的东西
The crew also want to capture the spectacle of this huge salmon run 船员们还想捕捉这次大马哈鱼出没的奇观
from the air . 从空中
.and this aerial perspective shows them 这张空中透视图显示了它们
something completely unexpected. 完全出乎意料的事情
Just keep it down.Yeah,you've got control. 小声点 是的 你有控制权
Hang on,hold up.There's a seal,bottom left. 等等 等等 左下角有一只海豹
OK,I'm moving forward. 好的 我继续前进
Freshwater seals,an incredibly rare animal,were predating 淡水海豹是一种极其罕见的动物 它的捕食对象是
upon the salmon as they kind of bunched up in this river mouth. 当鲑鱼在这个河口聚集的时候
Oh,he's right on one. 哦 他说得对
This seal behaviour has never been filmed before,and the crew now 海豹的这种行为以前从未被拍摄过 现在船员们也在拍摄
have to overcome the far harder challenge of documenting 必须克服记录的困难得多的挑战
it from underwater. 它是从水下发射的
He's away down . 他离开了
Freshwater seals are extremely shy, 淡水海豹非常害羞
so in order to do this,the crew 所以为了做到这一点 船员们
need to use remote cameras. 需要使用远程摄像机
Hopefully,these are going to capture that seal behaviour, 希望这些能捕捉到海豹的行为
seals attacking the salmon, 海豹攻击鲑鱼
and that'll go with the incredible 这将伴随着不可思议的
drone shots that we've already got. 我们已经有了无人机射击
Stop.Yep.Perfect. 停止是的 完美的
Oh,it looks good,mate. 哦 看起来不错 伙计
Horizon's good. 地平线很好
So if they come in,if they come in and feed here, 所以如果他们进来 如果他们来这里吃饭
we're going to get some pictures. 我们要拍一些照片
Here he comes,here he comes. 他来了 他来了
He's just sniffing around right now. 他现在只是在四处嗅探
So we've just started getting some 所以我们刚刚开始得到一些
little bits of the seals coming in, 一点点海豹飞来
but we're not quite in the right place.We haven't been in quite the 但我们的位置不对 我们还没有完全进入状态
right place,but now we've positioned 正确的位置 但现在我们已经定位
it right where we think that this seal is going to stop 就在我们认为海豹会停下来的地方
and wait and then jump up and grab a fish. 等一下 然后跳起来抓一条鱼
Fingers crossed,it works. 祈祷成功
Coming in. 进来
OK,he's getting in a good place for this one.Yeah. 好吧 他现在正处于一个好位置 是 啊
After days of catching mere glimpses .That's a good shot. 经过几天的一瞥 那是个好机会
the crew finally have their cameras in the perfect position. 机组人员终于把摄像机放在了完美的位置
Oh,good,good,good,good,good,good,good,good,good! Oh! Oh! 哦 好 好 好 好 好 好 好 好 好 好！哦哦
Oh,so close! He missed! 哦 太近了！他错过了！
So,there he is.See him coming up there? 那么 他来了 看到他上来了吗？
He might be about to charge again. 他可能会再次冲锋
Oh! Got him! 哦抓住他了！
Oh,mate,on both cameras! 哦 伙计 在两台摄像机上！
It's a great success,but it was 这是一个巨大的成功 但确实是
only going to be a matter of time 只是时间问题
before the crew meet the salmon's 在船员们见到鲑鱼之前
other predators. 其他掠食者
There's a bear. 有一只熊
Oh.Get ready with the cameras.OK. 哦准备好摄像机 好啊
It's dangerous to surprise a grizzly, 给灰熊一个惊喜是很危险的
so Olly lets the bear know 所以奥利让熊知道
that the crew are close. 船员们离得很近
Hey,bear! Hey,bear! 嘿 小熊！嘿 小熊！
I'm watching this bear.Yeah. 我在看这只熊 是 啊
Hey,bear.Hey,bear. 嘿 小熊 嘿 小熊
That's close enough. 够近了
Hey,bear.Hey,bear. 嘿 小熊 嘿 小熊
You stay back. 你往后退
Like,obviously,hindsight is a lovely thing. 很明显 事后诸葛亮是件好事
We're probably a bit too close to the river and to all the fish. 我们可能离这条河和所有的鱼都有点太近了
I think we just need to move back a little bit and just stay 我想我们只需要往后退一点 留下来
a bit further away. 再远一点
This is his river,not our river, 这是他的河 不是我们的河
so we'll let him catch his lunch. 所以我们让他去吃午饭
I mean,it could be amazing because we've got this really 我的意思是 这可能会很神奇 因为我们真的做到了
clear water.We could get some really unique shots of bears walking 清澈的水 我们可以拍到一些非常独特的熊行走的照片
through salmon and actually able to see the whole bear. 通过鲑鱼 实际上可以看到整个熊
The slight downside to that is either the bear treads on the camera 这有一点不好 那就是熊会踩在摄像机上
or grabs it or does anything to it. 或者抓住它或者对它做任何事
It's .Basically the plan is to put quite an expensive camera 是 基本上 计划是安装一台相当昂贵的照相机
underneath the feet of a charging bear. 在冲锋熊的脚下
So . 所以
David positions the remote cameras in deeper water in the hope 大卫将遥控摄像机安置在希望号深水区
of capturing an extremely rare perspective 捕捉一个极其罕见的视角
of a hunting grizzly bear. 一只正在打猎的灰熊
Still coming? Yeah.Maybe get out. 还要来吗？是 啊也许出去
OK,got him.Oh,nice! 好的 抓住他了 哦 太好了！
Yes! OK,we got him. 对好的 我们抓到他了
It works,and they capture a salmon's-eye view of one 这是可行的 他们捕捉到了一张三文鱼的眼睛
of the biggest challenges they face on their breeding migration. 它们在繁殖迁徙中面临的最大挑战之一
Although the plan for getting the camera close to the bear works 虽然让摄像机靠近熊的计划是可行的
maybe a little bit too well! 也许有点太好了！
We have to look at one upside down now because the bear's completely 我们现在必须把一只颠倒过来看 因为熊已经完全死了
rolled it! 滚！
Is it intact? 它完好无损吗？
Miraculously,the camera survives,and it's now time for David 奇迹般地 摄像机幸存了下来 现在是大卫的时候了
to finish telling the salmon story 说完鲑鱼的故事
by trying to film them spawning. 通过拍摄它们产卵的过程
So we have found just a magical part of the world. 所以我们发现了世界上神奇的一部分
Just the amount of activity here, 只是这里的活动量
it's just epic,what is happening. 这只是史诗 发生了什么
What has really surprised me 什么让我感到惊讶
about spending so much time 花这么多时间
with these salmon is really how 用这些鲑鱼真的怎么样
intricate this behaviour is. 这种行为错综复杂
There's so much going on with these 这些有太多的事情要做了
fish as they compete 比赛时钓鱼
to be really the mating pair. 成为真正的配对
Yeah,fish .Like,fish sex is,you know .I feel, 是啊 鱼 比如说 鱼肉性爱 你知道的 我觉得,
like,a little awkward . 有点尴尬
watching that for hours,but they don't seem 看了好几个小时 但他们似乎
to care,so I guess it's cool. 我想这很酷
With some luck and some ingenuity, 带着一些运气和智慧
the team capture almost every 该团队几乎捕获了所有
challenge that the red salmon must 挑战红鲑鱼必须
overcome in order to win 战胜
the mating game. 交配游戏
Next time . 下一次
The need to breed drives all life, 繁殖的需要驱动着所有的生命
but the challenges faced 但面临的挑战
are by no means equal. 他们决不平等
Some in the mating game must 交配游戏中的一些人必须
overcome overwhelming odds 克服压倒性的困难
to have any chance of success, 有任何成功的机会
and the changes WE are creating 以及我们正在创造的变化
are the greatest challenge of all. 这是最大的挑战