小时候 When I was little,
外祖母给过我一只旧指南针 my grandmother gave me an old compass.
郑重声明:本字幕由Orange字幕组译制。任何组织和个人不得盗压此字幕，或将此字幕用于任何商业盈利用途，否则一切后果由该组织或个人承担！本组不承担任何法律及连带责任！转载字幕请注明出处。
她想让我明确自己该当何去 She wanted me to know where I was going.
但我更想知道自己从何而来 I was always much more intrigued by where we came from.
我知道她来自匹兹堡 但是在那之前 I mean, I knew she was from Pittsburgh, but before that,
她的祖母 她的祖母的祖母 her grandmother and her grandmother's grandmother,
又是从哪里来的呢 where did they come from?
如果你回溯到遥远的过去 You go back far enough
就会发现 所有人 所有生物 and everyone, every living thing,
都起源于同一个地方 we all come from the same place,
诞生于一颗死星苏醒的时刻 a moment when a dead rock came to life.
我们中只有极少数人得以见证生命的奇迹 Only a few of us have been able to see just how extraordinary life is.
点火发射 Ignition and lift-off.
有八名宇航员 通过在太空中的千日之旅 Eight astronauts, with over 1,000 days in space between them,
告诉我们 外太空的生活 can tell us how being up there
是如何帮助他们真正理解 helped them to truly understand
地球上所发生的事情的 what goes on down here.
国家地理 倾情呈现
我俯瞰地球 看向我们生命起源的地方 I look down and I can see where we came from.
这颗鲜活而悬挂在漆黑太空中的星球 This living, breathing bubble of life in the blackness of space.
达伦·阿罗诺夫斯基 大作
很难想象还能有什么地方 It's hard to imagine anywhere else where everything
会出现这样的生命奇迹 could have fallen into place so magically.
理想 之作
我们早已习惯了生命的存在 以至于我们开始认为 We're so used to life that we start to think of life
产生生命很简单 很容易就能做到 as being really simple and easy to do.
并不是这样 It's not.
由 威尔·史密斯 主持
我们可能永远都无法准确得知生命如何起源 We may never know exactly how life got started,
但我们可以确定那是一个神秘的配方 but we do know it was a strange brew.
神奇药水少许 A dash of magical liquid...
一点星尘撒入 A sprinkle of stardust...
能量噼啪作响 And a crackle of energy.
混合在一口沸腾的锅中 我们的星球就有了生命 Mixed together in a big bubbling cauldron to make our rock come alive.
神秘星球
起 源
梅·杰米森看待生命的角度和我们不同 Mae Jemison sees life differently from most of us...
不只因为她是宇航员 And not just because she's an astronaut.
梅·杰米森 漫游太空8天
听我指示 三 二 一 Go on my mark, three, two, one...
好的 梅 收到 Okay Mae, we copy.
她同时还是一位博士 She's also a doctor.
她一生致力于研究生命 She's spent her life studying life.
1992年9月 奋进号航天飞机 任务编号 STS-47
休斯顿指挥中心已开始控制 Houston now controlling.
休斯顿 奋进号调整姿态 Houston, Endeavour switching into roll.
收到 奋进号进行滚转 Roger roll Endeavour.
我还在费城跑来跑去写韵脚的时候 At an age when I was just running around writing rhymes
[威尔·史密斯12岁时在费城开始以说唱歌手的身份踏入演艺圈 随后两度获得格莱美奖]
她就已经在思考生命的问题了 in Philly, she was pondering life's biggest questions.
小时候我曾被这个问题深深吸引 我是谁 As a child I was fascinated by the question, who am I?
我为何物 What am I?
我记得曾经有一次 在我们驱车从芝加哥去阿拉巴马的路上 I remember once when we were driving from Chicago to Alabama
我们将车停在路边 然后我抬头看 we stopped on the side of the road and I looked up
满天星斗 and there was this incredibly star-studded sky.
整个宇宙都因此而充满魔力 It just made the whole universe very magical.
三十年后 我坐在了近距离观察星星的头排看席上 And 30 years later, I had a ringside seat to the stars.
在太空的时候 我感受到了自己和宇宙其它事物之间 When I was in space, I felt an incredible connection
那种不可思议的连结 to the rest of the universe.
实实在在 And it's true.
我们由星尘构成 We're made of the stuff of stars.
碳 氮 氧 The carbon, the nitrogen, the oxygen,
这些构成我们生命的基本元素 the elements that are the key components to our body
都是恒星爆炸时释放出来的星尘 were actually generated inside of stars that exploded.
它们散落在宇宙各处 All of the stardust scattered across the universe,
聚集在一起 形成像地球一样的行星 clumping together into rocks to form planets like ours.
那么"起源"的终极奥秘 And the great mystery of Genesis
便是这些星尘究竟如何造就生命 is about how stardust came to life.
星尘形成了地球 同时也造就了你 我 还有狗狗 You, me, the dog, we're all made of the same dead dust that built the planet.
只是组合方式不同 It's just mixed up different.
最大的谜题是 什么东西把它们组合起来的 The big mystery is, what's the mixer?
Translated by ALICIA & EMMA 翻译：艾丽西卡 & 西瓜
龙舌兰洞
新墨西哥洲
黑兹尔·巴顿 教授 微生物学家
龙舌兰洞可能是地球上最难以参观的地方之一 Lechuguilla is probably one of the most difficult places to visit on Earth.
Translated by ALICE & ROOT 翻译：阿咲 & 大黄蜂
距地面深度超过三百米 When you're deep in Lechuguilla you're more than 1000 feet underground.
长度将近241公里 Lechuguilla cave is almost 150 miles long
这使得它成为世界上最错综复杂的洞穴之一 which makes it one of the most complex maze caves in the world.
从这边往下走 The trail's down here.
这个穴室地势很低 It's a big pretty big drop-off into this room.
到了 Got it.
Compressed by DREAM TRAVELER 压制：失梦旅行
令人震惊 毋庸置疑 That's amazing. Absolutely.
Proofread by BOB & WILDER 校对：饽饽 & 歪二德
这些结晶体绝大多数已经成百上千岁了 Most of these formations are a couple of hundred thousand years old.
我们最好什么都别碰 We'd better not touch anything.
是的 不碰任何东西 从这儿穿过去 Yeah, let's get through without touching anything.
Supervised by HESTER & MINKAGO 监制：花生 & 明卡苟
你可能会觉得这些幽暗的洞穴里不会有生命存在 You'd imagine these deep dark caves to be lifeless.
太阳的能量无法到达这里 There's no energy from the sun here,
但是洞穴的墙壁上却充满生机 but the cave walls are not as dead as they seem.
如果你戴上特制眼镜 If you were to put on special glasses...
你会看到如万花筒般绚烂的生物 You'd see this kaleidoscope of organisms,
生活在洞穴中 living in the caves.
你视野所及的每一个表面 都有数以亿计的细菌 Billions of bacteria on every surface you look at.
龙舌兰洞与世隔绝 Lechuguilla is cut off from the surface.
但还有其他对于生命很重要的事物 But there is something above all else that is essential for life.
水 Water.
从陆地到湖泊的演变 It takes up to 10,000 years for water to work
经历了将近一万年 from the surface into the lake.
你把水剔除出去的话 You take the water out of the equation
洞里就将没有细菌了 and you have no bacteria in the cave.
众所周知 水是地球生命的必需品 Water is required for life as we know it here on Earth.
梅·杰米森 物理学家 & 宇航员
通过对医学的涉猎 你能了解到一件重要的事情 One of the important things you learn in medicine is that
细菌仅由一个细胞组成 bacteria are made up of just one cell.
而细胞是生命的基本组成单位 And cells are the basic units of life.
充满水溶液的小泡或薄膜 Tiny bubbles or membranes filled with water.
游曳于胞质中的 是生命的组分 Floating around this solution, we've got the ingredients of life.
然而这完全取决于水 Yet, it all depends on water.
当从太空俯瞰地球时 And when looking at our planet from space,
我惊讶于水资源之多 I was struck by just how much water there is.
这绝对是个蓝色星球了 It is definitely the blue planet.
查里斯·哈德菲尔德 漫游太空166天
水体遍布地球表面 These bodies of water are massive around the Earth.
你一直在海洋上空 一直是海洋 You're over the ocean, ocean, ocean,
然后一片陆地映入眼帘 比如非洲 and then you hit a continent like Africa,
"喔 非洲大陆" ooh, Africa, big continent.
迈克·马西米诺 漫游太空29天
不过仅仅几分钟就不见了 In just a couple of minutes it's gone and
然后你就又处于海洋之上了 you're over the ocean again.
从太空看尼罗河三角洲 Looking at the Nile Delta from space,
你就可以看出水的重要性 you can see how important water is,
因为尼罗河沿岸 because all along the Nile river
是条植被茂盛的绿色纽带 is this thin beautiful green strip of life.
水充满魔力 所以当你探寻生命时 That H2O is magic, and so when you're looking for life,
杰瑞·林恩格 漫游太空143天
关键在于找到水 the key is to find water.
与不喝水相比 我们不吃饭反而会活更久 We can last way longer without eating than we can without drinking.
食物给予我们能量 Food gives us energy.
水分给我们什么呢 What does water give us?
事实上 平凡无奇的水对一件事至关重要 Turns out that plain old H2O is the universal champ at one crucial thing.
委 内 瑞 拉
安 赫 尔 瀑 布
费德里克·皮萨尼 生物学家
我们来到安赫尔瀑布进行极限攀岩 We've come here to Angel Falls to climb this huge overhang.
落差最大的瀑布之一 One of the biggest in the world.
当你悬挂在岩壁上时 会觉得像飞一样 You just feel like you're flying when you're hanging from the wall.
瀑布声就像一场永不停息的暴雨 The sound of the waterfall is like a constant storm.
攀爬安赫尔瀑布十分危险 Climbing Angel Falls is very dangerous.
我想继续爬 I want to keep climbing.
你想打头阵吗 You want to take the lead?
当然了 Yeah. Of course.
受水冲蚀的岩石 Where the rock has been more exposed to the water...
质地脆弱 The Rock is crumbly.
这些都是砂质岩石 我要做下防护措施 It's very sandy, so I'm going to put one protection here.
真的要很谨慎 Got to be really careful in this, you know.
另一方面 And the other hand,
完全没有水的地方 where there is no water at all,
你会发现那里的石头完全不一样 you can see the rock is completely different.
真的很困难 It is really hard.
真的太艰难了 It's extremely hard.
你要继续爬吗 Are you going to climb it,right?
没错 我要尝试一下 Yeah, I will try.
当你看到顶峰的风景时 When you get to see this landscape from above...
你可以看到水的破坏力在某种程度上有多强 You can see how the water is a big destroyer in a way.
它可以溶解岩石 It dissolves the rocks.
流水百万年来源源不断地冲刷 It continues, the flow of water, for millions of years,
造就了这耸入云霄的山石奇观 like these incredible islands in the sky.
水有其特性 Water has special properties.
我们平常喝的水几乎可以溶解所有物质 You know the same water we drink can dissolve almost anything.
它可以伴随时间流逝侵蚀岩石 It will even dissolve rock over time.
这意味着很多不同分子 So that means lots of different molecules can be
可以在水中重新组合 mixed together in it.
然后通过互相影响 组成新物质 And interact with one another, making something new.
这就是地球如此特别的原因 And that's what makes Earth so special.
正是我们拥有的这些水资源 With all the liquid water we have,
使我们的星球成为了一个巨大的化学实验室 our planet's like some type of giant chemistry lab.
水将星尘带来 Water takes dust from the stars,
将其打碎并摇晃 breaks it down and shakes it up.
但是生命并不会因为你搅进一些星尘 But life isn't going to bubble up just because you stirred up
便冒出气泡 some muddy stardust.
如果你想煲生命之汤 If you want to brew the soup of life,
你需要再加些调料 you need to kick it up a notch.
神秘星球
如果你想使星尘进入生命 If you want to make stardust into life...
除了加水还需要做点其他事情 There's a bit more to it than, just add water.
一份菜谱远比一堆原料重要 A recipe is more than a list of ingredients.
它告诉你怎样组合它们 It also tells you how to put them all together.
想象有一口大锅 Imagine a big pot of all these ingredients,
梅·杰米森 漫游太空8天
你把食材扔进去 you throw them in,
但如果只是扔进芹菜 番茄和胡椒 but if you throw in the celery, tomatoes and the pepper
而不去加热 你依然得不到意面酱 you're not gonna get a spaghetti sauce unless you add some heat.
香 港
中 国
李昆耀 设备维护工程师
我的许多朋友
认为这是一项非常危险的工作
劝我不要做了
我通常用咖啡唤醒一天 I usually start my day with a hit of caffeine,
但李昆耀 他的工作刚好满足自己对刺激的需求 but Lee Koon Yau, his job gives him all the jolt he needs.
就算在晴天
闪电都随时有可能出现
傅哥 傅哥
这里即将有雷电
在上面留心点
了解
李打算上去检查避雷针 Lee is up top to check the lightning conductor.
他要对其进行测试 保证雷电能被传导到地面上 He's testing it to make sure it conducts electricity right down to the ground.
如果一个避雷针失效了
雷电就可能打穿整栋楼
引起火灾事故
雷电能量极大
你我可能每年见到雷电的次数屈指可数 You and I may only see lightning a few times a year,
但事实上 地球时时刻刻遭受着能量冲击 but the Earth is constantly crackling with energy.
你得到比摩天大楼高得多的地方才能看清它 To see it, you have to go way higher than a skyscraper.
从太空里看到的地球是动态的 Viewed from space, the Earth is dynamic.
它饱含能量 It's full of energy.
那些穿透云层的磅礴电闪 我历历在目 I remember seeing these big flashes of light that sort of come through the clouds.
这些闪电事实上正是 You know, the lightning just propagates literally for
杰瑞·林恩格 漫游太空143天
从上千上万英里的高空中送至地表的 thousands of miles across the surface of the Earth.
看起来就像一个遍布全球的神经系统 It looks like its nervous system spreading across the planet.
妮可·斯科特 漫游太空104天
它们宏伟壮观 They're spectacular.
它们看起来就像是在互相交流 They almost seem to be communicating to each other.
迈克·马西米诺 漫游太空24天
每秒钟都有超过一百道闪电出现 There are over 100 lightning strikes per second.
一天八百万道 That's eight million a day.
并且从数十亿年前 我们的星球诞生之初 就开始了 And at the start of our planet, billions of years ago,
当时能量的冲突甚至更加激烈 there was even more energy on display.
而这正是生命开始所需的东西 That's what life needed to get started.
能量 Energy.
第一个揭示其原理的实验 曾让儿时的我深深着迷 The first experiment to reveal this really captivated me as a child.
我在芝加哥长大 我家乡的两位科学家 I grew up in Chicago and two scientists from my hometown
尤利和米勒 (在玻璃仪器中)模拟出原始地球的还原性大气 Urey and Miller, took the components that were believed to be Earth's primitive lifeless atmosphere.
[原始地球大气据推测为CH4、NH3和H2等组成的无游离氧混合气体]
并对其进行放电轰击(以模拟雷鸣闪电) Then they subjected it to electrical charges.
就此创造出有机分子(特别是氨基酸) They were able to generate organic molecules.
这正是生命的基石 The basic building blocks of life.
能量居然能够让无生命的物质活起来 The thought that energy could make lifeless stuff come alive
这为我带来的兴奋感 与惊叹生命本身无异 was just about as exciting as life could get for me.
太神奇了 I mean, wow.
如今我们对早期地球有了更多的了解 Now we have a lot more knowledge about early Earth.
数十亿年以前 Billions of years ago,
除了闪电 地球上还有许多能量来源 there were many more sources of energy than just lightning.
流星如雨而下 Meteors rained down.
火山喷发此起彼伏 There were volcanic eruptions.
海上潮汐涌动 Supertides churned these seas.
当时地球环境更加能源丰富 狂暴凶猛 The Earth was a much more energyrich, violent place.
特别活跃 不是吗 Very lively, right?
地球上不断发生着各种各样的事 Lots of things are happening.
这样的无机环境里 But out of this lifeless system,
经过漫长的时间洗礼 生命出现了 and over a long period of time, we actually got life.
一种脱颖而出的假说认为 生命起源于 And one of the best contenders for where life started
我们认为无生物可存活的环境下 is a place we might believe nothing could ever survive at all.
在深幽的海底 Deep on the floor of the oceans,
神秘的事件正在发生 something very mysterious happens.
地表的裂缝在这里敞开 Cracks in the Earth's crust open up down there.
热水和气体喷涌而出 And heated water and gases spew out.
深海热泉 Hydrothermal vents.
化学物质 能量 水 Chemicals, energy, water.
都在这里集齐了 All in one place.
其中一些 如今仍能创造出有机分子 Some are even cooking up organic molecules today,
那是生命的基石 life's building blocks.
而这使许多科学家愿意相信 And that's why many scientists believe
是在这样的环境里 生命开始发轫 it's someplace like this where life first started.
所以追溯数十亿年时光 So the origin of all of us, all the way back,
我们的起源 是从海底烟囱中喷出来的 was fired out of a chimney at the bottom of the ocean.
但如果不是这里头有些什么特殊元素 But it would have been nothing more than hot mud if there
这抔星尘就和一摊烂泥没有区别 wasn't one very special element in that stardust.
神秘星球
太空为我们提供了一个绝妙的平台 Space offers an incredible platform
供我们研究生命是如何在地球演化的 to study life as it evolved here on Earth.
梅·杰米森 漫游太空8天
想来美妙 为了我们如今能存在于此 It's fascinating to think that for us to be here now,
任务编号STS47 1992年9月
星尘 能量与水曾完美组合 the right combination of stardust, energy and water had to come together.
这可不是怎样的星尘都能做到的 And not just any bit of stardust...
当你从最微观的角度看待生命 When you look at life in its most basic form,
你会发现有一个元素 you find that there's one element
充当着生命骨架的角色 that acts like a backbone and holds it all together.
你只有在直面死亡的时候 And you only get to see how important it is for life
才会发现它有多么重要 when you encounter death.
印度尼西亚
巴厘岛
对于巴厘岛的印度教徒而言 For the Hindus of Bali,
死亡是生命轮回的一环 death is a part of the cycle of life.
而不是一切的终结 Not the end.
为确保灵魂能到达正确的地方 It's up to all the members of the family to
还需要借助全家族成员的努力 make sure the spirits of the dead get to the right place.
我叫德瓦·盖德·阿迪蒂亚·普拉塔玛
我今年十岁了
我和曾祖母以前关系很好
我负责在火化后收集她的骨灰
他们会把遗体火化 将元素还归于宇宙自然 They burn the bodies to return the elements of the universe back to their source.
[火葬祭祀：在信奉印度教的巴厘人传统中 人的躯体由从宇宙借来的土 气 火 水 天五要素组成]
为了什么呢 The goal?
为了让躯体转化成烟尘 灵魂升天 To convert the body into ash.
我希望我的曾祖母能因为
有这么多人来为她祭祀而快乐
当你把曾经有生命的东西放在火里烧 When you burn something that was once alive,
夺走其中的所有水分 and drive off all the water
在火焰中存留下来的 what emerges in the flame
是星云中让生命成为可能的必要物质 is the essential bit of stardust that makes life possible.
这些烧焦的黑色物质 碳 That charred black stuff, carbon.
我们身体中的所有组织中都有碳存在 Everything is our body has carbon in it.
无论是骨骼 肌肉 还是神经感受器 From our bones to our muscle to our neuro-receptors.
可能很难理解 是什么让碳在生命中如此重要 It might be hard to understand what makes carbon so great for life,
但是事实上 碳是终极构件 but it turns out that carbon is the ultimate building block.
它能以近乎无限的方式连接其他元素 It can connect with other elements in almost infinite ways
来合成所有构建活细胞所需的不同分子 to generate all the different molecules needed to create a living cell.
碳 就仿佛你能想象到的 最酷的乐高积木 Carbon is like the coolest Lego brick you can imagine.
我的孩子们很喜欢玩乐高积木 My kids loved playing with this stuff,
但如果碳也是乐高积木的构件之一 but if carbon was one of those blocks,
他们一定会为它争得不可开交 it'd be the one that they'd all fight over,
因为你可以用它们组成 because you can snap it together just about
任何你想要的样子 any way you like.
拿碳含量很高的东西举例 Take something with a lot of carbon in it.
蜘蛛丝 Spider silk.
其细如发丝 却坚如钢铁 Now spider silk is finer than hair, stronger than steel,
韧如弹簧 粘似黏胶 stretchy as elastic and sticky as gum.
所有这些特性仅仅取决于你 All of those qualities just depend on
以何种方式组合这些碳 how you snap together that carbon.
碳的全能性使得它可以构造出一种 Carbon's versatility enables a construction of
几乎存在于每个活细胞中的神奇分子 a miraculous molecule inside nearly every living cell.
DNA DNA.
我们的DNA 是全宇宙中最复杂的分子之一 Our DNA is one of the most complex molecules in the entire universe.
数以十亿计的碳原子结合 形成碳链骨架 Billions of carbon atoms combined to help hold it together,
这些纠缠在一起的美丽构型 and this beautifully tangled formation
就像一部有机体组成的超级计算机 is like an organic super-computer.
它保存着生命的操作手册 It contains the instruction manual for life.
所有方面 所有细节 让你成为与众不同的人 And every facet and every detail that makes you, you.
而且不只是我们人类 And it's not just us humans.
DNA是几乎所有活细胞的核心组分 DNA is at the heart of almost every living cell that ever existed.
而且建造它离不开碳 And you couldn't build it without carbon.
等一下 好像有什么事情不太对劲 Now hang on a sec, something doesn't add up, alright.
虽然我不是什么科学家 但是从小到大 I'm no scientist but growing up,
我泡过不少方便面 I made a lot of instant noodles,
我能告诉你的是 and I'll tell you one thing,
如果你把调味包撒进游泳池里 if you take your flavor packet and throw it into a swimming pool,
是做不出一碗美味拉面的 you are not going to get a nice bowl of ramen.
那么 如何才能从一望无际的大海中造出DNA呢 So how are you supposed to make DNA in the middle of an endless ocean?
神秘星球
就凭加一抹星辰 一瓢清水 Take a pinch of star, splash of water,
稍微加热 然后轰的一声 turn up the heat and bam.
生命就诞生了吗 Happy Birthday Life.
没这么简单 Not quite.
生命的菜谱中还缺少某样东西 There's still something missing from our recipe.
"烹饪"用的"锅" The pot you cook it all up in.
任何生命体都需要一个安全的生活环境 Everything alive needs to be held together and protected.
如果你是一串DNA或一个宇航员 That's true if you're a strand of DNA...
就会对这一点深有感触 Or an astronaut.
太空站在某种程度上就像是一个细胞 The space station is like a cell in a way.
查里斯·哈德菲尔德 漫游太空166天
一个充满生命的气泡 It's like a bubble of life.
你确实有一种与外界隔绝的感觉 You really have this sense of being enclosed,
你要知道 咫尺之外 you know, just a few inches in front of my eyes
杰夫·霍夫曼 漫游太空50天
就是真空环境 如果我直接暴露在太空中 is the vacuum of space, and if I were out there,
我活不过10秒 I'd be gone in 10 seconds.
在空间站内 我们有各种 Inside we have all the ingredients
维持生命的要素和系统 and the systems to keep us alive.
利兰·梅尔文 漫游太空24天
对于活细胞来说也是这样 It's the same for living cells.
只不过是在微观层面上 Just at a microscopic level.
水 是生命的关键溶剂 Water is a critical solvent for life.
梅·杰米森 漫游太空8天
但是如果有太多的水 But if there's too much water...
生命或许会被稀释掉 The solution might be dilute,
组成生命的分子们 或许永远不会相遇 and the molecules of life never bump into one another.
所以你需要东西来把它们盛到一起 So you need something to contain them.
想象我们吹出的肥皂泡 Think of a bubble that we blow.
它将一小团空气包裹其中 That surrounds this pocket of air.
并将空气约束在里面 And it keeps the air contained.
这与覆盖细胞表面的构造 有异曲同工之妙 There's something similar encasing all living cells.
细胞膜 Membranes.
瓦 特 纳 冰 原
冰 岛
莱娜·G·本宁 教授 生物化学家
搞清生物膜的形成机理 是我毕生信念所在 The holy grail for me is to find out how the first membranes formed.
它可能形成于温泉之中 It could have formed in a hot spring,
或是冰原之下的寒潭 in an ice pool underneath an ice sheet.
这是个巨大的谜团 It's a huge mystery.
冰岛是座极好的天然实验室 因而我来到这里 I've come to Iceland because it's a fantastic natural laboratory.
我是莱娜 收到请回答 This is Liane, coming in.
我正在驶向北方 I'm heading north,
当前海拔460米 行进方位71 I'm at 460 meters altitude and I'm heading to direction 71.
外面正在下雪 It's snowing outside.
预计一小时内到达目的地 完毕 I'll be there in an hour. Over.
如今在冰岛 你能看到冰盖下的火山 Today in Iceland you see volcanoes underneath icecaps.
也能看到温泉 You also see hot springs.
生命也可能诞生于这些冒泡的水池 Bubbling pools where life could have started as well.
即使在最热的环境中 Even in the hottest environments,
取样做个DNA检测 if you take a sample and you analyze its DNA,
也能发现生命 there is life there.
在早期的地球 你会看到这些冒泡的泥潭 In the early Earth you can envisage these bubbling mud pools,
水将石头分解 和成稀泥 where water dissolves the rocks and makes clay.
当气体从泥潭中冒出 As the gas comes out,
就形成了一个膜 随后破裂 it forms a membrane which then bursts.
想象一下 如果这个膜没有破裂 So think of that membrane not bursting
并在微观层面上保存了下来 and actually preserving at a very, very small scale...
恰逢有机分子混入其中 And then if you mix organic molecules inside,
你就突然拥有了个被膜包裹的有机分子 you all of a sudden have an organic molecule inside a membrane
细胞的雏形 to form a cell.
如果没有膜 我们的星球 Without membranes we would be on a planet
将只有无尽的海洋和被稀释的生命构件 covered by a dilute ocean of the building blocks of life.
但由于膜的存在 But with membranes,
才终于有了将这些生命构件聚集到一起的方式 finally there was a way to keep all those building blocks together.
我相信地球上曾有许多生命诞生的机会 I believe there were many opportunities for life to arise.
可能存在过其他的生命形式 We may have had other types of lifeforms
但都只是昙花一现 that came and went,
并未久留 对吗 but didn't take, right?
它们没能生存下去 They didn't hit and stick.
但有一种生命形式做到了 But one of them made it.
它叫做LUCA It's called LUCA,
是"共同祖先"的简称 which stands for the Last Universal Common Ancestor,
生命之树的根基 for all life here on Earth.
LUCA靠细胞膜来保护自己 同时进行自我复制 LUCA could protect itself with a membrane and reproduce itself.
所有元素都恰到好处地组合在一起 Everything came together in just the right way
创造出第一个以DNA为核心的活细胞 to create the first living cell, with DNA at its heart.
从那时起 快进几十亿年 Fast forward billions of years...
我们会发现 当今所有生命 And we find that all life today
都使用着同一套遗传密码 uses the same basic chemistry.
这揭示出一个事实 And this points to one thing,
所有生命都起源于这一原始细胞 it all originated in that first primitive cell.
我的奶奶 Alright, now my grandma,
身材矮小 you know, she was kind of small.
但我们的"太太太...奶奶" LUCA But LUCA, the great, great, great times a gazillion grandmother of us all,
她甚至比一个点还要小 she was tinier than a dot.
据我们所知 As far as we know,
这个细胞是所有生命的唯一起源 that cell was the single and only origin of all life.
至少在地球上是这样 Well, at least on Earth.
神秘星球
如果你走遍宇宙中的大部分地方 If you check out pretty much anywhere in the universe,
你会发现组成生命的原料都是相同的 you're going to find the same ingredients to cook up life.
它们并不是外来的 而一直都在这里 They're not exotic, they're staples.
诚然 以一种恰巧正确的方式混合它们很难 Now sure, mixing them up just right is hard,
但是宇宙是浩渺的 but the universe is vast.
所以这是不是就意味着 或许在别的什么地方 So does that mean there's a big piping hot serving
还有个热闹非凡的生命工厂 of life somewhere else out there?
这是一群探险者正在努力搞清楚的事情 That's what one group of explorers is trying to find out.
他们正寻找奇怪的生命形式 Hunting for strange lifeforms
并非地球之外 not off-planet,
而就在地球上不为人知的一隅 but right here, in parts unknown.
肯尼·博德 教授 环境人类学家
我们的脚下就是个陌生世界 There's an alien world right beneath our feet.
蓝 洞
巴哈马群岛
当你跳入这片漆黑的水域 As you drop into this blackness,
你会有一种到了外星的错觉 you have no sense that you're still on this planet anymore.
上面的 听得到吗
嗯 听得到
我这边
两面大概是286个标准大气压
[psi ：计量单位(磅/平方英寸) 1标准大气压(atm)=14.696磅/平方英寸(psi)]
氮含量32%
收到
你会完全丧失方向感 It can be completely disorienting.
你环视四周 不知道哪是上 You're spun around, and which way is up,
哪是前 哪是后 which way is forward, which way is backwards.
这些水下洞穴是地球上了解最少的地方 These underwater caves are one of the least understood parts of our planet
因为深入其中十分危险 because of the dangers of going down into them.
肯尼 这里的空间开始变窄了
好的 坚持住 肯尼
天呐 这里的空间比我想象中还要小
你把的潜水服中的气体排空
让自己的体积尽可能缩小
等下 马上就好
得把这个氧气罐送过去
肯尼 这里的空间只能供一人通行
这里的石头有些锋利
就快成功了
好的 我过去了
肯尼 你来看看这个
哇 看起来就像我们正降落到其他星球一样
这看起来就像土星环
这红色是由几十亿个...
...细菌体内的色素...
...所呈现出来的
看到这些 你可以想象...
...最原始...
...最简单的...
...生物群落...
...生活在这种如外星般的环境中...
...在宇宙的最边缘.
我对了解地球生命起源的渴望 My desire to understand how life began on Earth
同样延伸到了宇宙中 also reaches out to the stars
梅·杰米森 物理学家 & 宇航员
因为创造生命的原料 because the ingredients for life
可能存在于多个地方 probably exist in many places.
无论是太阳系 还是银河系 或是整个宇宙 In our solar system, in our galaxy and in the universe,
星尘 stardust...
水 Water...
和能量 And energy.
我们在太阳系不同行星的卫星上 Out there we're finding water on different moons that
杰瑞·林恩格 漫游太空143天
找到了水存在的迹象 surround some of the planets in our solar system.
杰夫·霍夫曼 漫游太空50天
在木卫和土卫的冰盖之下 The icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn have oceans
有液态水组成的海洋 of liquid water underneath the ice.
木卫二是一个海洋星球 Enceladus is a water-world,
查里斯·哈德菲尔德 漫游太空166天
而炽热的石质内核 but with a hot rocky center
使得由水汽组成的羽流 能够喷射到宇宙空间中 and plumes of water spraying out into the universe.
所以 也许土卫二上正生活着原始的生命 So maybe there's primitive life on a moon of Saturn right now.
我总在想 我们能在其他星球上找到生命吗 I always wondered, will we find life on other planets?
我们能在太阳系外找到生命吗 Will we find life outside of our solar system?
正当我们在看向地球之外 探索其他行星的同时 And as we look beyond the Earth and explore other rocks,
我深信 能够发现简单的生命形式 I believe that it's likely we will find simple life.
它们看起来会不一样 也确实会不一样 It'll look different, it will be different,
但我们的星球 对我们来说至关重要 but our rock,our planet is important to us.
它很特别 独一无二 因为它是我们的家 It's special and it's unique because it's our home.
这是我们生存进化的地方 It's where we evolved.
想象一下 那脆弱的时刻 几十亿年前 Think of that fragile moment, billions of years ago,
你我的起源时刻 where you and I and all of us began.
生命的涓涓细流潺潺流淌 A tiny moat of life suspended in a ripple of water.
那是对地球生命许下的亘古诺言 The promise of everything that is alive or ever lived in our world.
是从无到有的神奇时刻 It's the moment nothing turned to something.
从星尘中迸发出生命的火花 That stardust sparkled to life.
也是那个宇宙角落里的一块石头 The moment one rock in a remote corner of the universe
变成神秘星球的那一刻 became most wonderfully strange.
起源是生命中光明的一面 Genesis is the bright side of life.
下一集 我们将探索生命的黑暗阴影 Next time, life's dark shadow...
死亡 Death.