它是当代的家居装潢的 Contemporaneity furniture and home decor
终极设计工厂 at the ultimate design factory.
我们想为大多数人创造 We want to create the better everyday life, like...
更美好的日常生活 for the many people.
它是全球家具自动化生产帝国 State of the auto-production all over the world.
我们乐于尝试新的想法 We always encouraged to try new ideas
探究其效果如何 and see if they worked.
它还拥有全球性的营销网络 And a global distribution network.
营销中心
这一切造就了世界上最大的家具零售商 All to create the world's largest furniture retailer.
宜家的设计 着眼全球 When we thinking IKEA, we are thinking about the entire world,
我们拥有全球化的视角 we're thinking globally.
为了满足全世界的需求 我们需要一个 To match global demand with state of auto-manufactory
自动化超级工厂 takes a mega factory.
宜家: 超级工厂 Mega factories
经典与时尚并存 价格合理公道 Classic, modern, and affordable.
所谓宜家 正是宜室宜家 IKEA is a home staple.
让每个角落彰显设计师们的独特匠心 inspiring designer vision for any space in your home.
每年超过五亿顾客光顾宜家各大门店 Over 500 million customers visit an IKEA store each year,
使其成为家装设计的终极目的地 making it the ultimate design destination.
宜家的理念很简单 The idea is simple,
为客户提供美观实用 质量卓越的家具 to provide beautiful, functional and quality furniture
而且 让每位顾客都负担得起 at affordable price to the everyday customer.
我认为将顾客的梦想展示出来非常重要 I think it's important to show the customer the dreams.
阿姆霍特店长:MARI GUSTAFSSON
我们可以帮助顾客梦想成真 we can help them to organize it at all.
通过其完美而明确 Fantastic and clear functionality.
人性化的功能 and we fit human.
瑞典 设计经理:拉尔斯·德纳
契合大家的需求 there is some person behind them
这就是宜家的运营模式 that's the IKEA program.
在三十六个国家拥有近三百家门市 With almost 300 stores in 36 countries,
宜家是世界上最大的家具制造商 IKEA is the world's largest furniture maker.
为实现全球配送 同时保证质量 To pull off a highly efficient framework
这样的高效率框架 of global delivery and universal quality,
需要对从设计到销售的 requires a strategy that controls every step of production.
每一个环节进行战略性操控 From design idea to in store sales
这就是全球性的终极工厂 It's the ultimate global factory,
坚持共同的设计理念 united and single design concept,
拥有四十二个配送中心 with the network of 42 distribution centers,
近三百家门市 nearly 300 stores,
超过一千家供应厂商 and over 1000 suppliers.
只有这样的超级工厂才能构建起 To create a 10 thousand item product line,
产量一万件的生产线 it takes mega factories.
超级工厂由位于欧洲的五个工厂组成 Including 5 huge facilities across Europe.
波兰的贝涅克 The ZBASZYNEK in Poland is home
斯维木[宜家生产木材的工厂]
是该公司最大的木材再生产基地 to the company's largest wood reproduction bar.
在这里工作人员每年生产 Here associates create 30 million tables, desks
三千万只餐桌 书桌或衣柜 or wardrobes each year.
在邻近的瑙斯克 In nearby NOWE SKALMIERZYCE
供应商每天生产三千件组件 one supplier builds 3000 apposed pieces daily.
在瑞典南部 And in southern Sweden
经典重现生机 classics come to life
阿姆霍特 这里是宜家的诞生地 ALMHULT, is the company's birthplace
以及产品研发中心 and product development headquarters.
所有产品的原型都诞生于此 Here the prototype for every product is born.
同时也是橱柜产品的自动化生产基地 And state of auto facility produces kitchen cabinetry.
在邻近的凯斯妥 In nearby KATTILSTORP
主要生产该公司标志性的书柜 manufactores the company's signature bookcase.
但一切都要追溯到瑞典的郝斯弗 But it all starts in HULTSFRED Sweden.
宜家旗下的全自动 at the state of the art
刨花板压制厂就坐落在这个艺术中心 fully automated partical board mill.
大型滚轮将当地可持续林场中伐得的云杉 The process begins when large rolling wheels
送入巨型碎木机 pull spruce trees harvested from local sustainable forest
生产流程自此开始 into a massive chipper.
碎木机的飞轮将木材粉碎成木片 Here rotating blade smashes the timber into wood chips.
下一个原料是松树锯末 The next ingredient is powdery pine sawdust,
它由上等的木屑制成 made up of fine wood particles
每天都有十二万五千立方米木屑 HULTSFRED receives 125 thousand cubic meter of
送至郝斯弗 sawdust everyday.
接下来上场的是巨型烘干机 Next up is the mega dryer.
这台滚筒式烘干机 Inside this rotating draw
每小时可以处理 over 40 thousand kilograms of sawdust and
四万公斤木屑及木片 woodchips rotate every hour.
在450摄氏度的高温下进行烘烤 At a scorching 450 degree Celsius
除净其中的水分 sucking out the moisture.
木料干燥过后 Once the wood particals are dry,
摇动筛会将不合格的薄木片 shaken machine separate unwanted thin flaky
从中分离出去 wood chips from the mixture.
这一流程确保了刨花板的高质量 This ensures a strong quality partical board.
在胶合剂配制车间 In the glue kitchen,
机器制造出三种化学物质 machines make three chemical components.
合成尿素 Synthetical urea,
合成氨 ammonia,
以及快固剂水溶液 and water with a fast hardener
混合成为终极胶黏剂 to make the ultimate sticky glue resin.
下一道工序由传输机 管道和斜槽构成 The next work of conveyer, pipes and chute
它们将云杉及松木混合物传送入施胶机 delivers the spruce and pine mixture to the glue blender.
在木屑混合物表面涂装上胶层 Here resin coats the wood mix,
此道工序将提高合成木板的强度 which will make the partical mboard more durable and
以及防水性 water-resistant.
接下来是预压流水线 Next is the pre-press line.
传送带将潮湿的混合板材 steel rollers press the wet mixture
压成约五十毫米的厚木板 into almost 50 millimetre thick board.
紧接着将其送至主压制生产线 Immdiately, rollars move the board to the main press line.
此工序通过384个压力气缸 Here 384 press cylinders
释放高温空气 exphale fresh and hot air
将木板温度提升至超过200摄氏度 warming the woodmixture to over 200 degree Celsius
达到固化胶合剂以及塑型木板的目的 hardening the glue and trapping the borad structure.
在流水线的末端 At the end of the line,
大型的钢带对混合物板坯 a massive steel belt press the wooden glue particles
进行进一步冲压 even closer together,
形成高密度高强度的刨花板 forming a dense strong particle board.
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翻译：宝卡卡 鸭梨 费列罗西瓜 奥特慢 Angelica 暮羽
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时间轴：JimmyBeck 小怡纸 校对：小早 Joanna
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特效&后期：灰灰是菇凉 总监：丢丢
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下一道工序 Next, the wood sheets
木板将进入大型"摩天轮"进行回温 wheels into the numerous ferris wheel contraction
在郝斯弗 它被称为"冷却轮" known at HULTSFRED as the cooling wheels.
每个缓慢旋转着的巨型冷却翻板机 The giant cooling wheels
可以夹持九十块木板 hold 90 boards each and turn slowly,
将木板的温度从176摄氏度 taking the pieces down from 176 degree Celsius
降至60摄氏度 to 60 degrees.
这些就是最终的刨花板成品 The pieces now look like the ultimate partical board.
高密度 高强度 dense and strong
但是很轻 but light weight.
这些木板将被运送至 The borads are shiped out to
斯堪的纳维亚的众多供货商处 a dozens suppliers in Scandinavian
并成为构成绝大多数 and will become the backbone
宜家产品的主干材料 for multitude of IKEA products,
比如这个书架 like this bookcase,
宜家的畅销品之一 a best-seller.
渊源流长的宜家历史起源于斯马兰 IKEA story runs deep in Smuland
它位于瑞典的南部 a southern region in Sweden.
1943年 年仅十七岁的 Here in 1943, at the age of 17,
英瓦尔·坎普拉德开始在这里经营 Ingvar Kamprad, sold products including
火柴盒钢笔以及其他小家具 match boxes, pens and small furniture.
他把公司命名为宜家 He named the company IKEA,
由他的姓名以及童年生活的 using the letters from his first, last names
农场和村庄名字的首字母构成 and the farm and village where he spent his childhood.
他主要通过自行车进行配送 He made his deliveries with the bicycle.
后来换成了当地的送奶车 Later, he back his runs with the local milk trunk.
这样的营销手段和配送方式都非常高效 His selling and delivering approach was so efficient,
这使之能保持价格低廉 he was able to keep prices low.
销售额的增长 扩大了他的知名度 His sales and his reputation grows.
1958年 他的商场开业了 In 1958, he opend a store
占地超过六千平方米 over 6000 square meters
里面陈列着各式展厅和家居用品 filled with show rooms and home furnishings.
开业当天 人们驱车从瑞典的四面八方 People floating drove from all over the Sweden
涌向了商场 on the opening day.
宜家的阿姆霍特总店就此诞生 IKEA Almhult was born.
尽管在全球范围内已有三百多家门店 Also over 300 stores exist worldwide,
但人们还是会从世界各地来到 Today, people from all over the world come here,
它的发源地 to where it all started,
阿姆霍特 Almhult.
他们都想看看第一家店的模样 They want to see the first store,
他们会在这里逛上许久 and they are standing there for a lot of hours.
有时商场早晨开门营业时 Sometimes when I open the door,
我向一位顾客问好 and I say "hello"to one customer,
到了晚上打烊的时候 and to the some customer say"hello"
我又向同一位顾客告别 when they close the door in the evening.
他们在这儿一逛就是好几个小时 They spending a lot of hours here.
那么这个家具王国是如何保持小镇气息 So how dose this furniture empire maintaining samll town feel
同时又拥有强大的设计理念的呢 and strong design philosophy?
这都是在阿姆霍特的总部里实现的 It happens here at Almhult head quarter,
这里是公司的核心 the company's master hub.
从建立年度商品目录 From creating the annual catalogue
到测试生产品种范围 to testing the furniture range,
再到商品的分理配送 to planning distribution,
这个八万多平米的园区 this over 80,000 square metre campus
为宜家走向全球奠定了基础 lays the groundwork to footsteps around the world.
阿姆霍特无疑是宜家的心脏 Almhult, this is actually the heart of IKEA.
我们在这里确定生产品种范围 this where we do the range
实际上"范围广"就是我们的特色 actually the range is our identity.
我们所有产品的设计开发 And all products that we design and develop,
团队工作的分配 all that team-work,
都是在阿姆霍特园区 that's done, it's done here and decided,
设计并敲定的 here in Almhult.
阿姆霍特的所有产品 Here in Almhult,
都诞生于制模车间 every product starts its life from the pattern shop.
制模车间
十四名产品技师 14 product technicians
会对设计图的可行性和实用性进行测试 test the boundaries and primities of the designer's vision.
每年在这里制造出来的近两千件产品原型 2000 approach types made each year
分属于四个部门 from 4 departments.
金属部 木制部 Metal, wood,
塑料部 plastic
以及织物部 and fabric.
你可以这么认为 这里就是
产品的诞生地
制模车间经理 Henrik Holmberg
在这里你经常会听到
设计师们的赞叹
"这太大了吗 还是太小了"
"这真的很棒 我就要它了"
有些产品的开发会耗时两年 Some products take up 2 years to develop.
在进入门店之前 Before take to the store,
产品必须要达到公司最重要的设计目标 the item may reach the company's main design goals.
物美价廉 A affordability,
经久耐用 sustainability,
设计优良 good design,
功能卓越 and fantastic function.
在塑料部里 Over in the plastic department,
约翰·卡尔森工作时所运用的技术 Johan Karlsson works with the technic called
叫做"快速成型"技术 Rapid Prompt Typing.
这台立体塑形打印机 A three-dimensional plastic printer,
会根据3D设计图 builds up a plastic piece
一层一层地制作出塑料组件 layer by layer directly by 3D drawing.
今天 约翰打算做一套餐具原型 Today, Johan plans to make cutlery prototypes.
两把餐叉 两把汤匙和一把餐刀 Two forks, two spoons and a knife.
你在屏幕上看到的 This the table below the machine,
就是机器的工作平台 you see the screen here.
刀叉摆放的位置会和上面 The fork and knife will be placed
约翰·卡尔森 制模车间 技术员
所呈现得一模一样 exactly like this.
约翰输入3D数据资料 Johan punches in the 3D file,
塑形打印机会把热塑料变为塑料薄膜 the plastic printer deposit the hotly with plastic layers.
其每层的厚度只有16微米 16 microns deep.
当这些塑料薄膜一接触到平整的表面时 As the plastic touch the flat surface,
在紫外线灯的照射下 it cools and hardens instantly
它们就会立刻冷却变硬 under the ultraviolet light.
这个过程会不断重复 The process repeat itself
持续约上千次左右 around a thousand times,
直到做出一个完美的复制品为止 untill an exactly replicate part merges.
接着 约翰会把餐具 Next, Johan take the cutlery pieces
放入高压清洗机里 into a power washer.
他要除去支撑材料 He sprays off the support material,
这些材料是用来稳定构型的 material that holds the shape of the design.
我们制成产品的塑料原型 If we have to finished the prototype, all in plastic,
并洗去胶状支撑材料以后 and support material is come off.
这个产品的设计师 The product develop,
或制作技师都会过来感受一下 the designer or the technicians, we come down and get it
决定它是好还是坏 and then they will take the decision if it's good or bad.
拿在手里感觉是否舒适 If this feels good in the hand,
大小形状是否适合用来进餐 the size or shape is our fits to eat up.
设计师们尽量让所有的家具都能经久耐用 Designers try to make all furnitures durable,
功能多样 functional,
而且造型经典 and timeless.
这款书架就是经久耐用 This bookcase was designed to be functional,
功能多样和经典永恒的最好例子 durable and timeless.
三十年内总共卖出了四千多万套 Selling over 40 million units in three decades.
它是宜家的畅销商品 It is IKEA best-seller.
我认为比利书架设计简约 结构简洁 I think the Billy bookcases is simple and
采购员 马丁·格列森
适合多种布局的房间 clean bookcase that fits in many rooms.
所以才会如此受人青睐 and that's why it become such a great success.
瑞典
这款书架产于瑞典的凯斯妥 The bookcase starts life here in KATTILSTORP Sweden.
它位于阿姆霍特以北 距离约三小时的车程 almost 3 hours north from Almhult.
格列森家具厂 A Gyllensvaans' Mobler
是一个超级家族工厂 a family owned mega factory.
我的祖父从1952年开始为宜家供货 My grandfather start delivering to IKEA in 1952,
起初他用自己的 he started with the dilivering thing
轿车和拖车来送货 with his own car and trailer,
当时他是宜家的唯一一名员工 and at that time he is only one employee in IKEA.
这条先进的自动化工艺生产线 Every week the state of the art automatic manufactory line
每周可以生产十三万个书架 creat 130 thousands book shelfs.
其主要材料就是刨花板 The main ingredient is particle board.
每天 二十辆卡车会运来 Everyday, 20 trucks deliver almost 600 thousand
六百吨左右的刨花板 kilograms overall particle board.
铲车把成捆的刨花板 Forklifts deliver the row particle board
送至铝箔包装线上 to the foil wrapping line.
在这里 木板会被贴上一层漆箔 Here the board get its base colour
作为它的底色 with the thin lacquer paper.
为了让漆箔粘得牢固 To make the colour stick,
木板需要进入烤箱烘烤 the board needs enter an oven,
炉内温度至少要达到二十三摄氏度 and heat on at least 23 degree Celsius.
特拜斯·弗莱波通过电脑 Tobias Friberg takes the board temprature
来监控木板的温度 with the computer.
如果温度不够高的话 if it isn't warm enough,
整台机器就会停止工作 the whole machine will stop.
我在这儿能监测到
每一面的具体温度
再根据情况
技师 特拜斯·弗莱波
调节机器内部的温度
传送带会把温热的木板送到胶合台 A conveyor move the warm borad to the glue station,
每块木板都会被涂上 where the rolller spread one litre glue
一公升的粘合剂 onto each board.
现在木板已做好了上色的准备 The boards now are ready for some colour.
这两个滚筒 一个在上 Two rollers, one on top,
一个在下 and one on the bottom,
将红色漆箔均匀地贴上刨花板 coat the partical board panels evenly with red foil.
随着书架标记就位 With the bookcase's signature right locate place,
自动运输车每一批次 an automatic transport wagon
会运送五十块木板前往 moves 50 panels a time to the second station
生产车间的第二站 on the production floor,
一条长达一百五十米的切割线 a 150-meter-long cutting line.
首先机械臂会将木板推送到预定位置 First, a robotically controlled arm manoeuvres each piece into place,
精确地垒成一摞 lining them up perfectly.
接着 机械臂向下按压 Next, the arm presses down,
固定木板 让电锯能够完全锯断 securing them as the saw cuts through.
电锯将木板沿长轴分成等宽的五部分 To creat the bookcases' side panels,
作为书架的侧板 a saw divided the board lengthwise into 5 pieces.
下一站 At the next station,
侧板将摆放成列 送入镶边机器 the side panels raise into the edging machine lengthwise.
热胶喷洒而出 Hot glue spreads,
高速运转的砂轮精准地为其贴上漆箔 and a motorized spinner applies the tape with precision.
现在是最后一道切割工序 Now the final cutting station,
电锯将这五片木板拦腰切断 a robotic saw cuts the five boards in half,
成为十块书架侧板 creating 10 side panels for the bookcase.
泛着红光的侧板 Now the gleaming red side panels meet up
将和包括七块书架隔板其他部件 with its other parts.
以及一片背板在内的其他部件 7 shelves and a back panel
在终极平板包装流水线中汇合 at the ultimate flat pack shipping line
平板包装 Flat pack furniture,
不仅方便顾客从门店提货 is not only easy for the shopper to carry out of the store,
也使得运输和配送更为高效 but it also makes transportation and distribution more efficient
更为环保 and environmentally friendly.
1956年 宜家的一位员工 In 1956, an IKEA employee
在把桌子塞进后备箱时遇上了麻烦 had trouble loading a table in a car boot for delivery,
他临时决定卸下桌腿 the solution was to take off the legs
将各个部件捆成一包 and make the parts pack flat.
如今 设计师在平板包装上费的心思 Today designers think about creating a flat pack
丝毫不亚于产品设计本身 just as much as the products design.
这是个挑战 It's a challenge,
瑞典 设计经理 Lars Dafnas
我们有位设计师曾经说过 one of our designers once said that
作为宜家设计师最独特的地方 the big difference to be designer in IKEA
在于所设计的产品 is that the...it's not enough to produce those
不仅要美观实用 look good and good function,
还应该能够装盒打包 it should also be possible to get into brown box.
在平板包装流水线上 The bookcase flat pack is put together in 8 layers
书架会被分八层装盒 on the state of all packing line.
所有的工序都始于第一站 All the action start at the first station.
顷刻间 In seconds,
经过机器的八次折叠 the machine makes 8 quick and easy folds,
平板包装盒基本成型 creating the base of the flat pack.
接下来 平装盒以每次四个的速度 The boxes continue to move down on the line,
向下游传送 four at a time,
装入书架的十一个部件 picking up the 11 bookcase pieces.
每个部件都涂上了保护层 Each piece makes a protective layer,
如拼图般纹丝合缝地放入其中 stacking like a perfect puzzle.
装箱完毕后 两条生产线继而 Now the fully completed flat pack moves on
对包装盒进行顶部折合 towards two seperate lines for top fold
以及胶水密封 and having glue seal.
最后 书架进入塑料薄膜包装区 Finally, the bookcase goes to the shrink-wrap zone.
塑料薄膜每次将 Protective shrink-wrap
十八盒平装家具裹成一捆 winds around the packet of 18 boxes,
保护家具安全 以备启程运输 preparing it for life on the road.
某种程度上 我们执念于用原色纸盒 We are in a way obsessed with getting our products flat
包装产品 into brown boxes,
这也是保护环境的一种方式 because that's a way of saving the enviroment, too.
平板包装让我们能够 And with this we could fill up
把整个卡车货柜完全填满 the trucks all the way up.
每天有超过四十辆卡车从这出货 Over 40 trucks depart from this hub each day,
直接驶向宜家的网络配送中心 and turn directly to the IKEA network distribution centers
并最终抵达各地门店 and ultimately to a local store.
将一套家具牢固装载于 Locked and loaded inside of
实用的36公斤扁平封装内 a functional 36 kilogram flat pack,
方便了每位消费者 almost any consumer can carry one of these
将书架从店铺直接运回家 bookcases out of the store, straight to their home.
书架的设计历久弥新 The bookcase design has stood the test of time.
但每三年 But every three years,
宜家的20位顶级设计师都要齐聚一堂 20 of IKEA's top designers come together,
规划新一代的设计思路 to create the next generation of designs.
PS系列的设计理念源自书信末尾的附言 The idea of PS is actually the Post Scriptum on the letter,
瑞典 项目经理 Peter Klindert
附言是书信的附加物 the letter's addition.
正如我们通过家具传达给消费者的 The cutting edge, the last information
附加信息是最高端前沿的流行视觉 which it wants to give to the customers.
我们在设计时所思考的就是 That's also the way we are thinking,
赋予产品家具以外的东西 it's something additional.
PS系列的赛尔玛休闲椅 The PS Selma is
就是人文价值的完美诠释 a true conversation piece.
它的背部和座椅框架由钢架构成 Made out of a steel frame back and seat,
实心橡木与黄麻为底座 solid oax bottom with the ,
还有真皮座套 a real leather seat cover
和四块图案不一的坐垫 and 4 patterns of cushions
这是一把可以阅读的椅子 it is a chair that you can read.
每一层坐垫都讲述了 Each cusion tells
一个有关瑞典历史的独特故事 a different story of Swedish history.
他们模拟书的形状做了这把椅子 They created a chair that has the shape of a book,
你真的可以像翻书一样 so you can actually flip the pages off the chair,
翻动椅子的坐垫 as you do with the book.
从而调整自己满意的舒适度 By doing that, you can also change your comfort,
你也可以改变椅子的外形 and you can also change the expression of the chair.
如果你看烦了某页图案 So if you get tired of one of the pages
你可以随时改变 you can fip to another page,
全新的一页立刻展现在你眼前 then you will have a completely new page.
波兰
这把椅子由熟练团队在瑙斯克制作 The chair was built by skilled teams in Nowe Skalmierzyce,
这是波兰西部的一个小村庄 a small village in western Potland.
在这里 宜家的主要供应商之一 Here, one of the IKEA's main supplys
每天能制造出一百把这种椅子 builts 100 of these chairs daily.
第一站 The first stop,
是这个一千八百平方米的织物生产车间 is a 1800 square meter fabric production area.
在这儿 纺织工人将图形摹写到布料上 Here, fabricators laid the patterns onto the material,
然后手工剪下每一块材料 that hand cut every piece,
包括座套的皮革部分 including the leather parts for the seat cover
以及四个坐垫印花外套 and pattern pieces for the chair's four cushions.
接着在缝纫生产线上 Next on the sewing line,
安德鲁·贝纳斯正在缝纫皮革套座的背面 Andrews Bei Nasi is sewing the leather back to the chair.
纺织工 Andrews Bei Nasi
这是一把塞尔玛扶手椅 This is a Selma arm chair.
我正在缝制它的靠垫 The back rest is being sewn.
布套已经做了封边处理 The fabric for strip is sewn in.
把布条与布套缝合在一起 The strip is sewn in the back rest and then stitch in.
靠垫就基本成型了 After that, it is connected to the back rest.
这就是我现在在做的 This is what I'm doing right now.
几分钟后 安德鲁把印有图案的布套 Minutes later, Andrews transforms the cut up pattern pieces
做成了可以翻阅的书页 into a reading book.
这就是塞尔玛配备的坐垫 This a pillow for Selma,
它由两个部分构成 It consisted of two parts.
印花布套和填充物 Then an insert is sewn in.
填充物四周都缝合之后 The insert is back stitched all around.
坐垫的制作基本完成 Then a pillow is sewn up.
最后镶好边角 Its corner is sewn up,
坐垫就大功告成了 after that, it's now ready.
坐垫已经完工 可以运往填装部门 It's a ready pillow and it is sent to the packing department.
工人给它装上海绵 Next, a fabricator fills the cushions with foam
并盖上皮革座套 and pass them up with a leather cover.
现在这个半成品 Now the is ready to the meet
就可以和包装流水线上的工程师见面了 the chair's main architect at the packing line.
首先 包装工人将椅子的 First, packing line operaters assemble
钢制座椅组装起来 the chairs' steel back and seat.
以及椅面坚固的橡木底部 and the solid oak bottom with the flax boards.
最后 To complete the job,
工作人员将所有部件进行平板包装 an operater put all the pieces into a flat pack.
再附上组装说明书 Including an self-assembling menu,
宜家 赛尔玛休闲椅
打上产品条形码 and products bar code sticker.
现在这把椅子就能配送出去了 Now the chair is ready for distribution.
宜家刚起步的时候 In the early days of IKEA,
创始人英瓦尔·坎普拉德只能靠当地的牛奶车 founder Ingvar Kamprad had to pitching back his packages
进行运输 on the local milk truck.
而六十年后的今天 Today, 60 years later,
宜家在家居配送领域中 the company is the master conductor of
已然遥遥领先 home furnishing distribution.
由遍布十八个国家的42个集散中心 A tidily run frame work of 42 distribution centers
构成的物流网络 in 18 countries,
每年运输的商品都超过两亿五千立方米 delivers over 250 million cubic meters' products each year.
在瑞典的阿姆霍特 Here in Almhult Sweden,
近四十万平方米的超大集散中心 the largest distribution center at almost 400,000 square meters
代表着客户运输服务的最高水准 stands as the modle of customer delivery.
每天这里有八千部叉车 Everyday, 8000 products pilots
来往穿梭 come into the center.
员工通过扫描条形码 An associate scan the bar code,
根据目的地和发货日期来储存货物 and stores the items base on destination and delivery date.
这个条形码标签 This lable with this bar code,
安德斯·科隆 瑞典货运部
是专门给库存部门识别的 it's the identity for the pilots.
有了这些条形码 So with these bar code,
系统就能清楚地知道 our system know exactly
这是哪种货品 what kind of article it is
数量多少 which quantity it is.
还能通过系统进行导航 It also gets the steering to the system
这样库存部门就可以知道 so they know in which sole
货物的储存位置 that the pilot will be.
当仓库要出货送往门店时 Then, when it's time for the pilot to leave for store,
系统就会告诉工作人员货物的具体位置 the computer system tells the operaters where to pick it up.
像书柜这样的畅销商品或大批量产品 Best-sellers and high-volume items like the bookcase,
被储存在分销中心的自动配送区 leave the distribution centers automatic retail area.
这里有七层楼高 This space is 7 storey high,
两百米长 200 meter long storage system,
储货量有十六万立方米 over 160 thousand cubic meters products.
订单一进来 When a work order comes in,
电脑便会搜寻到货物 the computer signals for the products,
自动起重机会将其带至预装卸区 and the automatic crane brings it to the front loading area,
这条长达三百米的流水线 using a 300 meter long convey system.
传输时速达到十四公里每小时 Moving at 14 kilometers an hour,
每辆起重机能深入每行十八米 each crane which is 18 meters deep into the row
并能装载重达九百公斤的货物 loading up tp almost 900 kilograms materials.
这个场景有点像科幻小说 It's a little bit sci-fi, of course,
没有任何人工操作 because who operates?
全凭系统自行控制 Yeah, the system operates.
高度自动化既省时又省钱 Automations saves time and money.
但要造出一个耐用的家具 But to create a long standing living room center piece,
就需要手工制作了 it takes hands on fabrication.
上世纪八十年代 In the 1980's,
宜家曾掀起了一场家居革命 IKEA started the revolution for families.
推出了一款便宜耐用又易于清洁的沙发 A durable and affordable sofa that help eliminate stains.
克利帕沙发面料是完全可拆卸的 The Klippan had covered with completely removable
并且还能机洗 and machine washable.
如今 宜家又推出了类似产品的新版本 Today, IKEA has introduced another version of the same concept.
艾克托沙发
拉尔斯·德纳 创意设计师
我们能为不同的人设计出多种风格的家具 We could fits people that we a have very mordern home,
进可现代 退可传统 and also have a very traditional home.
波兰
瑙斯克
这款沙发的供应商是 The plush sofa's life begins here
位于瑙斯克的舒适40公司 in Nowe Skalmierzyce at Comforty,
它也是塞尔玛休闲椅的生产厂家 the menu factory of PS Selma chair.
七百多名编织好手组成的团队 A team of over 700 fabric specialists
每天要组装九百多个沙发 assembled 900 these sofas everyday.
第一步要制作一个稳固的沙发框架 It's all begins with the a strong sofa frame work,
其大致由刨花板 纤维板及实木构成 made up partical board, fiber board, and solid wood.
具体的配方是顶级机密 The exact formula is top secret.
欢迎你 Welcome.
马赫·奥扎斯 沙发产品部 主管
这是爱克托沙发的框架 This is a frame for the modle Ektorp sofa.
这是沙发中很重要的一部分 It is a very importnat element of the sofa.
我不能带你参观框架制作部门 We make it in the department that I can not show you
因为我们拥有独特的制作工艺 because it's very specific to our process,
不能泄露公司的商业秘密 and that will be sharing company's secrets.
不过我们可以去看看下一个环节 But let's get to the next step in the process.
在沙发生产线四站 Here at the soft sofa line's four stations,
8名员工要组装4种不同款式的沙发基底 8 operaters form the foundations of 4 different sofa styles.
双人沙发 三人沙发 The two seater, the three seater,
贵妃躺椅 the chaise long,
还有拐角沙发 and sofa corner.
今天 瑞美斯·朱克和他的搭档通力合作 Today, Remigiusz Jendryke and his partner working tandem
要制作一架三人沙发 building a three-seat sofa.
他先给沙发框架喷上黏胶 He sparys glue over the sofa frame,
再用结实而灵活的高弹聚氨酯泡沫 and then covers the sofa's sides,
将沙发的两侧 back, and arms
以及背面和扶手都包好 with pieces of strong, flexible, polyurethane foam.
瑞美斯·朱克 编织工
最难的步骤就是把这些泡沫粘好 The most difficult part is gluing on these elements.
尤其是扶手部分 the elbow pieces,
沙发组装区
接下来 就是套垫生产线 Next up, is the upholstery line.
在这里 工作人员会给沙发套上一层 Here, an operater retouches the sofas protective
聚丙烯防水薄膜 water-resistance polypropylene cover.
然后是柔软舒服 Now for the soft stuff,
而且耐用的沙发座垫 the sofa's comfy and durable cushions.
坐垫和靠垫在不同的填充生产线上生产 Two different cusions fiil lines make the back and seat cushion.
填充靠垫主要靠 Filling the back side cusions,
这台九千公斤重的填充机 comes together inside these 9000 kilogram stuffing machine.
每填装一袋棉花 A conveyer loads 1 bag at a time.
可以做成五百个靠垫 That's enough material to make 500 cushions.
机器内部的过滤器可以根据 Inside, a filter seperates the fibers
纤维的长度进行筛选 into a individual strength.
我身后这台机器可以梳理 The machine behind me allows us comb
填充沙发的纤维 fibers for the sofa filling.
确保每片纤维都有足够的弹性 Each of these small fibers has a type of resistance
使靠垫达到一定的舒适度 that creates proper comfort in the pillows.
机器通过这道工序 The machine works in such a way,
使得我们身后的这堆材料 that it can take the amount behind us,
能够填满五百个靠垫 and produce enough filling to make 500 back cushions.
接下来 钢管将填充物送入清洗机 Now steel tubing lose the sofa stuffing to the washer.
强有力的搅拌器让填充物 The powerful mixer softens, combines
变得更柔软均匀而且蓬松 and pumps the cusion material.
接着 填充物从洗机中吹出 Immediately, the stuffing blows out the washer
送至填充流水线 into the cusion fill line.
瑞纳·特拜茨正在制作一个靠垫 Here Renata Tobiasz assembles a back side cushion.
她从靠垫的尼龙套着手 She starts with the cusion nylon case,
我用手扶着这里 I touched here to this machine,
瑞纳·特拜茨 编织工
下面有一个踏板 I have a pedal which I press,
我把套子对准管子 然后踩下踏板 I touch the ticking to the tube and I pressed.
枕头就是这样填充起来的 This is the way the pillows are filled.
每个枕头约重1.7千克 The weight of these pillows are 1.7 killograms,
这个重量已经很理想了 the weight should be rather ideal,
把它扔过去就可以了 and I throw this pillow to the same stress.
舒适的坐垫成品 The ultra comfort seating
还要其他工作站的员工共同完成 is made by associates at seperate cusion station.
操作员博纳黛·奥扎的 Operator Bernadeta Antczak
任务是组装坐垫 put the seat cusions pieces together.
坐垫是由两层组成 The seat cusion is made up of two layers.
一层是致密的聚氨酯泡沫 One strong piece polyurethane foam,
另一层是蓬松的鸭绒 at top layer duck eider pillow.
这个塑料膜是为了让泡沫更容易放进去 The wrap is to get the foam in,
博纳黛·奥扎 编织工
要是没有塑料膜 泡沫垫就很难放进去 because there no plastic wrap, it's difficult to inserd in,
那样就会很费时间 and then it will take longer.
加上这层塑料膜 and there is plastic wrap,
这样就快多了 it's faster.
现在我把泡沫垫插进去 Now I insert the foam,
用塑料膜裹住一端 and pull over the plastic wrap,
塞进去 把塑料膜抽出来 insert, pull the plastic wrap out,
最后拉上拉链 and I zip the pillow up.
所有产品都会进入工厂的包装线 Everything comes together on the factory's a process line.
三人沙发送往 As the three seater sofa
包装区之前 makes way down the conveyer to the packing area,
两名工人要给它配上六个垫子 two operaters put the six cushions on the sofa.
包括三个靠垫 three from the back side,
三个坐垫 three for the seating.
有趣的是 在包装线上 Amazingly, on the packing line,
沙发被包装成紧凑的包裹 the sofa becomes a flat pack.
为了在运输途中保护沙发 To protect the sofa on the road,
最后还要进行塑封 it makes the ultimate shrink cramp.
我后面这台机器正在用塑料薄膜 Behind me there is a machine that packs sofas,
给沙发打包 with plastic wraps over the sofa.
这台机器独一无二 It's a very unique machine,
全世界只有它能这么包装沙发 the only one in the world packs sofas in this way.
塑封之后 沙发好看多了 With the plastic warp, the sofa looks much beautiful.
这种立方体包装 让配送到店的流程 A packed cubic plate, you can go to the store directly
变得更简单 in an easier fashion.
你想不想知道一个货物供应范围遍布 Have you ever wondered how an international company
五十五个国家的跨国公司 with supplys 55 countries
怎样保持统一的质量标准呢 maintains an universal quality standard?
这是宜家的检测实验室 This is the IKEA test lab,
世界上最大的家具实验室之一 one of the world's largest furniture laboratories,
与公司总部阿姆霍特毗邻而建 based close to the company's headquarters Almhult,
二十二位技术员每年进行五千次实验 22 lab technicians carry out 50,000 experiments a year.
检测产品的耐久度 强度 To test the durability, strength,
新近产品的使用寿命等方面 and life-span of new and current products.
家具使用的过程中会面临严苛的挑战 It's critical test products in real world situation,
在实验室的家具测试区 Here at the lab's furniture test area,
科特·欧文负责操作 Kurt Arwen is in the charge of
将近由三十个部件组成的基础装置 nearly 30 pieces of a bottom machinery.
今天 他要测试一个双人沙发 Today he's testing a two seats sofa.
沙发的款式没有变 The sofa is the same as before,
科特·奥文 检测实验室技术员
但是使用了新的材料 but worked on with the new materials.
我们现在在做的 What we are doing here,
就是想换掉 is that we want to replace
我们现在用来做沙发的羽毛 the feather we have, today, to made up of the sofa
我想换掉那个 I want to replace that,
通过检测来找出 but, in fact to find out,
新材料的问题 that's the value been faced to find out new materials.
沙发的三个关键位置 Three ways in key places on the sofa,
增压五万倍压迫三天 exact pressure 50,000 times for three days,
模拟家庭使用 simulating regular use in the home.
这个作用于表面 this come to the surfaces,
代替了人体重力的压迫和弹回 replacate the the fall and back movements to the person,
上下压迫沙发 getting up and down on the sofa.
我们在这里真正测试的 What we really testing here is
是弹簧 泡沫垫部分 等等 the spring, the foam part, and so on
什么都不会损坏 That's nothing will break,
泡沫也不会压塌 and the foam don't collapse.
在普通日常家庭使用中 你可以想象 In the normal use at home, you can expect that
这沙发在很长时间内都会很舒适 your...how the same comfort in the sofa for long time
在楼下的火灾实验室 Upstairs in the fire lab,
实验室检验员玛丽·温德尔-斯文森 Marie Wendel-Svensson, a test lab technician,
在准备进行填充物测试 gets ready to perform the filling test
检查泡沫垫在火中的情况 investigating foam under fire.
她要确保沙发中的泡沫 She wants to make sure the natural foam inside the sofas,
能耐高温 has a high resistance to fire.
玛丽用了一个栅栏 To start the fire,
来做耐热实验 Marine uses a crib.
准备点燃一块易燃的木片 a combustible wood piece to ready for ignition
这是模拟 类似你从报纸中 It's a simulate, if you rip out a piece of paper,
玛丽 检测实验室技术员
抽出一张纸 from the news paper,
把它放到火上 and then put it on fire,
产生的热量是一样的 it's the same energy out put, you get.
我们把它放进密闭盒 We are going to take it into our chamber.
因为这是火 我们得把它关起来 since this is fire, we want to have in a room
然后加些化合物 then I going add some chemicals
来点燃这框架物 in order to light the crib frame.
我们来看看情况怎样 and we will looking how it perform.
玛丽监控着那个木框架 Marie monitors the frame,
定时观察火势蔓延 timing it and watching it spread.
沙发下面有个表(不确定) a scale under knees check the weight
显示它燃烧时的重量变化 to the seat as it burns.
三分钟后 火渐渐熄灭 Afer 3 minutes, the fire replace fades away
玛丽检查了损坏情况 and Marie takes a look at the damage.
对于火烧过后的检测 Examining the fires after them up,
她抓住了三个关键问题 she holds in on three critical components:
沙发的最终重量 the seat's final weight,
火势蔓延情况 the fire spread,
以及火熄灭的时间 and the extinguishing time of the fire,
所有这些将决定 all will determine this test
这次实验是否成功 is a pass or fail.
这个是成功的 This is a pass,
因为重量损失不太多 eh, since the weight lose is not too high
我们一开始观察 and flames as we recorded the time
就记录了火焰产生时间 when we started the watch
所以我们记录了 so we recorded the time
火焰持续了多久才消失 how long it took before the flame is got out
那时间不能超过十分钟 and that time should be maximum ten minutes.
实际接近三分钟 and it close like 3 minutes.
所以这个产品很好 so it's a good one.
设计者们应用科技 Designers use science and technology
确保用户的安全 to ensure consumer's safety.
但是有时候 设计灵感来自 But sometimes, design inspiration comes in
最意想不到的地方 the most unexpected places.
在二十世纪八十年代 In the 1980's,
一个设计师在寻求一款既流行 a designer looking for a *** way to develop a fashionable
又不失本色的咖啡桌时 but robust coffe table,
发现了一种基础生产技术 ran into a radical design production technique,
后来多用于制造门 while turning a door factory,
这种简单的技术叫做框架板 he went this a simple process called, board on frame.
想象一块木板 Imagine a piece of wood,
里面除了坚固的轻质骨架以外别无他物 with almost nothing inside, except strong, light skeleton.
这就是一块框架板 This is a board on frame.
这种类型的结构 This type of construction
催生了这款既稳固又时髦的轻质咖啡桌 give birth to a new light weight sturdy and stylish coffee table,
名叫拉克边桌 called the Lack.
拉克边桌
这是宜家在波兰科沃布热格的木材厂 Here are the IKEA's wood factory in Zbaszynek, Potland.
科沃布热格
每年超过三百五十吨框架板产品 Over 350 metric tons of frame on board products,
出产于此 zip out of the door every year.
这一切都在充填流水线上完成 It all takes place on the filler line.
在这里 三种材料 Here, 3 materials
刨花板 partical board,
纤维板 fiber board,
还有纸 and paper,
通过四道工序的筛选 go through 4 exclusive methods
校准 calibration,
填充 filling,
粘合 gluing,
和压紧 and pressing.
最终成为坚固的家具板材 to form a strong furniture board.
第一道工序是校准 At the first calibration station,
原生纸奇迹般地被制成 raw paper filler tansforms into IKEA's
框架板的主要结构之一 board on frame magical ingredients,
纸蜂窝 honeycomb.
这就是纸蜂窝
匹特· 科沃布热格技术员
它是用纸做成的
我们把它放进家具部件里
使之更坚固耐久
我的体重超过一百公斤 它完全可以承受
所以我觉得它非常不错
原生纸首先进入纸蜂窝高度校准设备 The raw paper fits into the honeycomb height calibration unit.
气压将纸质结构中的间隙 Air pressure expands small pockets in the paper structure
扩张成六边形的单元 into hexagonal cells.
六边形结构的外壁 The six-sided wall to the hexagonal pattern
以及支撑的横梁 and a support beam,
增加了家具板材的强度 strengthening the furniture board.
巨型滚筒向蜂巢纸施加压力 A large roller presses down on the honeycomb,
校准它的厚度 calibrating the thickness,
确保高度为二十八毫米 making sure it reaches a height of 28 millimeters.
然后机器对蜂窝状纸进行 Then the machine cuts the honeycomb paper
纵向和横向的切割 vertically and then horizontally.
然后这些纸蜂窝 Immediately the honeycomb pieces fall
就可以送往填料区了 into the filler pits station.
在这里 操作员们将坚固的蜂窝状纸层 Here opertaters pack the sturdy honeycomb layer
码进一个坚固的纤维板框中 into a strong fiber board frame.
现在 填充了蜂窝纸的外框 Now the honeycomb filled frames
可以在上下各加一层刨花板了 are ready for a particle board, top and bottom.
操作员们送入板材 operaters insert boards,
每次两片放至工厂中的胶合机 two at a time into the factory's glue machine.
接下来 两人取来一块涂过胶水的板材 Next, two team members take a sticky glue boards
把它粘在填充了蜂巢纸的外框之上 and stuck them on top of the honeycomb filled frame.
他们会持续到完成五十块板材 They keep going untill the stack reaches 50 complete boards.
整个过程的最后一步 To complete the process,
板材被送入冷压床 the boards encounter the colds press machine,
这一关键步骤使板材最终成为了 a critical step for the board to its ultimate potential-
坚固而轻便的家具部件 a strong but light furniture components.
在经过冷压床后 它会成为
非常稳定且难以损坏的材料
它们不会像普通木材那么沉重
但它们看起来几乎相同
终于 这个利用框上加板技术 At last, this vital furniture piece made using
制造的家具关键部件 the board on frame technique,
已经可以用于制造经典产品了 is ready to become the foundation for classics,
比如拉克咖啡桌 like the LACK coffee table.
这家位于波兰兹班纳的超级木材工厂 This ultimate wood factory here in the Zbaszynek, Potland,
每年会给全球的商场配送一千万张咖啡桌 ships out 10 million coffee tables a year to stores worldwide.
厨房 Kitchens,
家居的核心部分 the heart of the home,
也是设计和生产的重中之重 and the central part of the design and production machine.
宜家提供了四十种不同的厨房风格和配置 IKEA supplys 40 different kitchen's styles and configurations.
这个是最畅销的设计之一 This is one of the most popular designs,
一款现代细工家具风格橱柜 a moden cabinetry style,
它由优质的纤维板制成 made out of high quaility sturdy fiber board,
外表是高光泽白色面漆 with a high gloss white finish.
瑞典
阿姆霍特
它是在瑞典的阿姆霍特制造的 And it's made here in Almult, Sweden.
这个近三万六千平方米的橱柜工厂 This almost 36,000 square meter kitchen cabenit factory
担负着全公司40%的橱柜生产任务 produces 40% of all the company's kitchen cabinets.
一切都始于紫外烤漆流水线 It all starts on the ultraviolet line.
这里 滚轴在纤维板制成的橱柜部件背后 Here rollers apply microthin-layers of paint lacker
涂上微米量级厚度的油漆层 onto the back of cabinet pieces like these fiber board doors.
在紫外灯的照射下 Under the UV lamps, ultraviolet radiation
不到一秒的时间 就可以使之干燥 drys the doors in fractions of a second.
紧接着 橱柜部件 Immediately, the cabinet pieces
要经过CNC打槽机 travel through the CNC routing line.
高功率的切割工具切割出 High powered cutting tools cut
橱柜面板上的方形花纹 the square contoured cabinet face pattern.
接下来 传送带将这些柜门 Next, a conveyer belt move the doors
送至长达一百米的喷涂车间 onto a 100 meter long spray line,
在这里 橱柜部件会 where the cabinet pieces recieved
被涂上一层底漆 a base coat of paint at the spray booth.
喷涂间中 十个喷头会以四帕的压强喷漆 Inside, 10 spray nozzles apply paint under 4 pars of pressure.
接下来是干燥时间 Now for some dry time.
这些柜门被放置在 Stent on moveble pillars,
可移动的支架上 送入巨大的干燥室 the doors enter a massive drying chamber.
这道工序历时二十五分钟 It's a 25-minute journey.
首先 烤炉将柜门加热到六十摄氏度 First, an oven heats the doors up to 60 degree Celsius.
到了另一头 再将温度降至五十度 Then, on the other side, reduces the temperature to 50 degrees.
完全干燥的柜门就可以喷高亮漆了 The bone dry doors are ready for the high gloss taut coat.
在喷涂间内 In the spray booth,
十个喷头保证喷漆覆盖橱柜的每个角落 the 10 nozzles cover the cabinet thoroughly,
给家具涂上一层光滑的白色保护面漆 giving the doors a gliding white protected finish.
这是一条五十米长的包装流水线 This is the 50 meter long packing line.
机器人将橱柜部件包装好 Here robots prepare the cabinet conponents for transportation
准备送往全球的宜家商场 to one of the company's worldwide stores.
从1953年创始人英瓦尔·坎普拉德 The look of an IKEA store show room
在阿姆霍特开办第一家商场以来 has come a long way since 1953,
宜家展厅的外观 when founder Ingvar Kamprad
有了长足的进步 opened the first one in Almhult.
他通过展厅展现了平价家具的 His idea of showing off the function and flexibility
美观实用和灵活多变 of affordable furniture,
并且让顾客能够亲身感受 and allowing people to touch and feel it,
最终取得了巨大的成功 is a huge success.
如今 在位于加州埃默里维尔的商场中 Today, at stores like this one in Emeryville, Carifornia,
商场中 超过二百万的顾客 over 2 miliion visitors meet the product range
用这种的方式了解产品 in a similar fashion.
我认为宜家商场 So I would characterise IKEA as a...
迈克尔'隆克 商场经理 加州
绝对是个消除疲劳的地方 definitely as a kick the tiredness kind of place,
我们希望人们来到这里 where we want people to come in,
尝试我们的产品 we want them to try the product,
亲身体验它们 to sit on the product,
想象这些产品摆在自己家中的样子 to kick the tiredness if you will,
借以消除疲劳 and really feel comfortable
并且真正感到非常舒适 and imagine how this would look in their own home.
-这就是那个沙发吧 -没错 - I think this is the couch right here, right? - Yeah.
当顾客们在陈列厅区 After the customers picked their product
挑选好产品之后 from the show room floor,
最后一站就是自助式仓库了 the last stop is the self-serve warehouse.
没有送货上门的必要 There is no need for home delivery.
这基本上由顾客自己决定 So it's basicly about self-choice.
你可以在购买产品的当天 you have the option of tansporting that product home yourself
自己载货回家 the same day as you buy it.
到家后你就可以 And you also have the option of
自己组装家具 assembling that furniture yourself when you get it home.
这里就是自助区 Here are the self-serve area.
产品从这里走出商场 The products leave the store confines,
在你的家中获得新生 and starts life in your home.
产品已经可以组装 The product is ready for full assembly,
并且接受检验了 and ready to be put to the test.
运回家后 产品还需要最终完成 In the home, the product needs completion.
如何组装 功能和表现如何 How it assembles, functions and performs
这是宜家的设计 is the result of the company's design,
生产及营销结构的整体结果 production and distribution structure.
我们的目标不仅仅是出色的设计和功能 Our vision is not only good form or design
我们的目标还包括低廉的价格 and good function, but also low price.
这就是我们如何为大多数人 And that's how we deliver on
更好地诠释日常生活 the better everyday life for the many.
宜家一直在总结过去的经验 IKEA is always learning from its past,
并前进引领家居设计的潮流 moving foward to the next design around the corner.
当我们今天完成了这件事 When we do one thing today,
拉尔斯·德纳 设计经理 瑞典
明天我们还要做得更好 we will try to do even ? then be better tomorrow
我们必须不断挑战自我 because then we are pushing things further on.
这是我们创作的源泉 That's what inspire us, give us ??
并且激励我们前进 and give us... encourage us to move on.
因为我们知道很多事情还没有完成 Because we know most things still remain to be done.
明天同一时间 There's more state of the art engineering
更多前沿工程精彩呈现 at the same time tomorrow.
请继续观看国家地理频道 Stay tune to National Geographic Channel,
[好吧...美国人说的我也没听懂...graping还是啥的？不懂...] for a graping?, air crushing investigation.
她抓住了三个关键问题 she holds in on three critical components:
沙发的最终重量 the seat's final weight,
火势蔓延情况 the fire spread,
以及火熄灭的时间 and the extinguishing time of the fire,
所有这些将决定 all will determine this test
这次实验是否成功 is a pass or fail.
这个是成功的 This is a pass,
因为重量损失不太多 eh, since the weight lose is not too high
我们一开始观察 and flames as we recorded the time
就记录了火焰产生时间 when we started the watch
所以我们记录了 so we recorded the time