野 性 加 拿 大
Canada's heartland
加拿大腹地拥有丰富的自然地貌
holds a wealth of landscapes.
Vast forests...
有广裹的森林
Rolling grasslands...
连绵不绝的草地
Lakes beyond counting...
不计其数的湖泊
And a remarkable cast of animal characters.
还有举世瞩目的野生动物
To the European explorers
对17世纪来这儿的欧洲探险家来说
who arrived here in the 17th century,
the Boreal forest and prairies
北方森林和大草原
appeared to be pristine wilderness.
仿若原始的偏僻荒原
But the story of Canada's heartland
但加拿大腹地的故事充满了惊喜
is full of surprises.
第 三 集
中 心 地 带
It is late march
在三月末的萨斯喀彻温省南部的草原
on the grasslands of southern Saskatchewan,
and one of the prairies'most amazing displays
草原上最惊人的表演已悄然揭幕
is kicking off.
Male sharp-tailed grouse are strutting their stuff,
公尖尾松鸡涨起它的尾巴
sorting out their pecking order before the females arrive.
赶在母鸡到来前争夺领导席位
This is a dancing competition.
其实它们在斗舞
The top-ranked dancer will claim a central position
顶级的舞者能抢夺有利位置
and be best placed to catch the females' attention.
和最能吸引母鸡眼球的位置
Grouse use the same dancing grounds year after year,
它们年复一年在一个地方跳舞
a fact well known
这是它们的地盘
to one of the residents of this open landscape.
草原上人人皆知
[Drumming, bells ringing]
For thousands of years,
几千年来
humans have shared this landscape with wildlife.
人与动物在这裹和谐相处
The blackfoot First Nations People
黑足族人
still perform a traditional dance
跳着它们的传统舞蹈
inspired by the springtime antics
正是松鸡的滑稽动作
of the Prairie chicken.
给予他们灵感
[Singing]
Long before Europeans arrived in Canada,
早在欧洲人抵达加拿大之前
its first peoples developed cultures
他们是这儿的最早的文明
based on an intimate knowledge of the land and its wildlife.
对这片土地和野生动物的深刻了解
是它们的立足之本
[Drumming, singing]
[Bells ringing]
They also developed practices
他们也在学着改变生活的环境
that changed the landscape in which they lived.
In 1691, English explorer Henry Kelsey
一六九一年英国探险家亨利·凯西
was one of the first Europeans
是最早来到加拿大南部的
to travel through southern Canada
那批欧洲人
and get a glimpse
并一睹了大草原壮观的景色
of this amazing Prairie landscape.
His Assiniboine companions told Kelsey
来自阿西尼波河的同伴
告诉他大草原是富饶的猎场
about the rich hunting grounds of the great grass plains.
But nothing could have prepared him
但毫无准备的他们
for the spectacle he was to witness...
也只是见证了大草原壮观
Bison herds numbering up to four million animals.
超过四百万头美洲野牛
Bison are huge, powerful creatures
野牛体型庞大雄壮有力
with an aggressive nature.
天性好斗
At the time of Kelsey's arrival,
凯西来的时候
the grasslands stretched
大草原的范围
from Central Mexico through the United States
从墨西哥中心绵延经过美国
into southern Canada,
至加拿大南部
from Lake Winnipeg in the east
东起尼伯湖东
to the Rocky Mountains in the west.
西至落基山脉西
These grasslands supported many different species...
这片草地养育了众多生命
But there was one that appeared purpose-built
但是其中有一种动物
像是为这片闲阔草原而生
for this open country...
The Pronghorn antelope.
叉角羚
With a top speed of almost 100 kilometres an hour,
最高时速可达一百公里
Pronghorns are the fastest hoofed animals on earth.
叉角羚羊是地球上跑得最快的有蹄动物
During Kelsey's time,
凯西在此期闲
there were at least 20 million antelopes living on the plains.
大平原上至少有两千万只叉角羚
Early European travellers saw the open prairie
对最早的欧洲探险者来说
as a wild, untouched landscape.
这是片原始未经开垦的土地
They were wrong.
他们错了
The Prairie First Nations were great hunters,
大草原最早的民族是娴熟的猎人
and they had been changing this landscape
而且在数千年的时闲内
for thousands of years
它们已经用一种有力的工具
with a very powerful tool...
改变了这边土地
[Blowing]
Fire.
火焰
Fire kills young trees
火烧掉小树
while leaving grass roots unscathed.
只留下草根
Deliberate fires kept the prairie open
小心地纵火让草原上树木
by preventing trees from spreading across it...
没有大范围的扩散保持草原的开阔
And these people preferred grass to trees
相比于树这些人更喜欢草
because the animals they hunted were grazers.
因为它们猎杀的动物都是食草的
The fire cleared away the dead and dried-out grass.
火烧掉动物尸体和老死的草
The ash fertilized the soil,so by the following year,
灰烬给土地增加养分到了第二年
a rich new crop of grass would grow
新长出的草将会更加茂盛
to attract the grazing animals.
吸引那些食草动物
[Bison snorts]
The bison herds themselves also helped support the grass.
野牛也帮助保护滋养草地
Their dung returned nutrients to the soil,
它们的粪便成为草地的养料
and their hooves disturbed the ground,
它们的牛蹄翻动草地
allowing a diversity of plants to grow.
让各种各样的植物得以生长
The interaction of grass,bison, and people
草野牛和人的相互作用
sustained a rich, stable environment
欧洲人来之前很久让这片草原
long before Europeans arrived on the prairie.
构成了一个富饶稳定的环境
And there was one other major element
还有另一个很重要的元素
influencing the prairie landscape...
影响着草原
Wolves.
狼
Wolves played a crucial role
在维护野牛和草原的平衡中闲
in maintaining the balance between bison and prairie,
狼扮演着重要角色
keeping the herds on the move,
驱使野牛不断迁徙
preventing the grassland from becoming over-grazed.
保护草地不被过度啃食
Plains people lived alongside wolves
人们和狼共生
and understood how they hunted.
了解它们的猎食方式
They knew that bison with new calves,
它们知道有幼崽的野牛
instead of running,would often stand their ground.
大多时候不会全速奔跑而是站着
As long as the adult bison hold their nerve,
一旦成年野牛和狼对峙
wolves won't risk injury
狼不会冒着受伤的危险
by approaching within range of those horns and hooves.
进入角蹄的攻击范围
But not everything in wolf's clothing
但有些狼
is what it seems.
并不是狼
Dressed in wolf skins and mimicking their movements,
披着狼皮模仿狼的动作
the human hunters could approach
可以让猎人接近到
within a few metres of their target.
离目标只有几米远的地方
Their trick then was to stampede the herd
受到欺骗后野牛惊慌逃窜
in one specific direction.
被驱赶向一个明确的方向
In full flight,
它们全速前进
it's hard for a herd to suddenly slow down.
野牛没法急刹车
These cliffs,known as buffalo jumps,
这个悬崖名叫野牛瀑布
were used sparingly by plains hunters
在一千年左右的时闲裹
被草原上的猎人很偶尔地使用
over the millennia.
A single buffalo jump could decimate a herd.
小小的一个悬崖 可以大规模的坑杀野牛
But it was the European hunters
但是欧洲人
who brought about the end of the buffalo
终止了这片草原上
on these prairies.
这种坑杀野牛的活动
Nowadays,
现在
the prairie's wild inhabitants are much smaller...
这片草原的土著居民少了很多
Like these Black-tailed prairie dogs,
像黑尾土拨鼠
which make their home underneath the prairie grassland.
它们把自己的家建在草地下面
Prairie dogs live in vast colonies, or towns,
黑尾土拨鼠大规模的群居
with kilometres of burrows.
它们建造数以千计的洞穴
Their entrances are surrounded by carefully tended,
所有入口都被小心地隐藏起来
volcano-shaped mounds of earth...
火山口状的土堆
Lookout points from which the adults warn each other
成年土拨鼠互相提醒
of approaching danger.
放哨
[Calling]
This year's pups are now big enough to venture out,
这只一岁大的幼崽已经可以出去探险了
though they never stray far
但它们从不离闲
from the safety of their burrows.
它们洞穴的安全范围
Towards midsummer,a different bunch of babies
盛夏来临不同的两种幼崽
is ready for its first public appearance.
已经准备好了它们的第一次亮相
These burrowing owl chicks were hatched underground.
穴鴞幼鸟在地底孵化
In a treeless landscape,
不借助树木
a vacant Prairie dog burrow is the perfect nesting option.
空的草原土拨鼠洞穴是完美的巢穴选择
The owls are not so much "burrowing" as "borrowing."
这些穴鴞可不知道有借有还
Whenever mom or dad appears,
父母出现的时候
the chicks converge on them like a pack of wolves.
它们像狼一样聚集起来
The chicks are growing fast,
小鸟长得很快
and their appetites seem insatiable.
它们的胃深不见底
In the pancake-flat landscape,
在平坦的地面上
a prairie dog's earth mound
土拨鼠的土堆
gives the owls a panoramic view.
给予了它们开阔的视野
Any height helps to spot trouble.
帮助它们发现高度下的任何危险
[Chirps]
The coyote knows he's been spotted,
丛林狼知道它已经被发现
and continues on his way.
随即走闲了
The chick takes advantage of the afternoon breeze
小鸟利用午后的微风
to try out its wings.
练习飞行
A couple of months from now,
几个月后
these chicks will be fully fledged,
这些小鸟就都会羽翼丰满
and the family will migrate south.
然后一大家子会搬去南方
While most of us think of prairie as grassland,
当我们把大草原当做一片大草地的时候
there's another element to this landscape
其实还有另一种
that is every bit as important to wildlife.
面积不大但是对野生动物很重要的地形
Canada's heartland is studded with countless lakes,
加拿大的腹地点缀着数不清的湖泊
scoured out thousands of years ago
这些湖泊可以追溯到几千年前
by ice age glaciers.
冰河世纪的冰川
Some estimates put the figure at over 10 million.
有些统计显示湖泊的数量超过一千万
That's far more lakes than people here...
这儿的湖比人可多多了
A crucial resource for water birds
对从北极长途南迁
returning from nesting grounds in the Arctic
归来筑巢的水禽来说
on their long migration south.
这是至关重要的水资源
Quill lakes, Saskatchewan
萨斯喀彻温省的鹅毛湖
draws in tens of thousands of snow geese
成千上万的雪雁降落在这裹
looking for a place to stop and take on supplies.
找地方歇脚补充给养
吃饱暍足之后它们就得再次上路了
Once they have rested and fed,the migrants must move on.
Within a few weeks, these lakes will begin to freeze,
几周内这些湖泊就会结冰
and the enormous flocks of ducks and geese
成群结队的野鸭和雪雁
will be far to the south.
会去遥远的南方
Winter comes early to Canada's heartland.
冬季早早地降临加拿大腹地
By late october,the first frosts have arrived.
十月底初霜降临
North of the Prairies,
大草原北部
a belt of conifer trees,the Boreal forest,
北方的针叶树木森林带
stretches the entire width of Canada.
横跨整个加拿大
It is considered to be
这是全世界
the largest intact forest left in the world.
现有的最大的原始森林
Falling snow brings magic to the woodlands.
雪给森林带来了魔力
The first snow brings beauty to the forest,
第一场雪让森林变得美丽
but it also brings tough times
但对于森林裹的动物来说
for many of the forest creatures.
这也是艰困时期的开始
In central Alberta,
在亚伯达省中部
a moose and her calf venture out into the snow,
一头麋鹿和它的孩子
冒险来到雪地觅食
searching for food.
When times are tough,
在条件艰苦的时候
these willow twigs could make the difference
对麋鹿来说这些柳条决定生死
between life and death for these moose.
By mid-winter, the temperature has dipped below -40.
隆冬时节温度降至一40C以下
On a frozen lake,
在冻结的湖泊上
a deer has succumbed to the cold.
一头鹿在酷寒中陨命
The tattered carcass
残破的身区体
looks as if it was savaged by a large predator
显示它是在夜裹
被一个体型巨大的捕食者所杀
during the night.
Now, in the morning light,hungry whiskey jacks give way
天色破晓
灰松牙鸟呜金收兵
to larger, more powerful scavengers.
让位给更强大的食腐动物
The squabbling ravens sort out their pecking order
为了冬日盛宴的进食先后
over this winter feast.
乌鸦争吵不休
Clearly, the ravens could not have opened up the carcass,
但是显然它们无从下口
so who did?
那么谁来扮演屠夫的角色？
A wolverine.
狼权
With its muscular body,frost-shedding fur coat,
拥有强壮的肌肉耐寒的皮毛
and big snowshoe paws,
和雪鞋般的巨大脚掌
a wolverine can cover
狼獾能在广裹的冰天雪地中
large tracts of frozen wilderness
四处寻找食物
in search of food.
Just over a metre long,
在一米之外
the wolverine looks like a small bear,
狼獾看起来像是一头小熊
but is actually a member of the weasel family.
但其实它属于鼠由鼠家族
Rarely seen,
它踪迹难寻
this is some of the first footage
这是北美洲记录中首次拍摄到
of wild wolverines
ever recorded in North America.
野生狼权的影像
[Owl hoots]
We still know very little about wolverines.
我们依然对狼权知之甚少
A hunter in its own right,it is also an expert scavenger.
它是独行猎手
也是高明的食腐动物
Its immensely powerful jaws can dismember
它强有力大口
即便是极度冷冻的尸体也能撕碎
even the most hard-frozen carcass.
Wolverines cache meat from carcasses they find
狼獾把找到的兽尸收藏起来
and come back to feed later.
回头再吃
Carcasses like this are a rare bonanza
对森林裹的食腐动物来说
for the scavengers in these forests.
这样的尸体是难得的宝藏
When the weather takes a turn for the worse,
当天气变得更加恶劣
the hungry ravens make a last-ditch attempt
饥饿的乌鸦试图寻找最后的美餐
to fill their bellies.
来填饱它们的肚子
But in a matter of hours,
但在几小时内
the dead deer is entirely buried.
鹿尸体完全掩埋在大雪之下
Later, a young male wolverine arrives on the scene.
不久后一只年轻的母狼权来了
He has no way of knowing
它是不知道
there is a carcass hidden beneath the snow...
雪地下掩埋着一具尸体的
But his senses are extraordinary.
但是它的感官异常灵敏
Somehow, he is able to sniff out
能通过某些方法
the faint odour of frozen flesh,
嗅到冻肉的微弱气味
even through a metre of fresh snow.
即使埋在一米深的雪下也不例外
In the race to survive,
在这场生存的竞赛中
the wolverine wins by a nose.
狼獾靠鼻子取得了胜利
Other creatures of the Boreal forest
北方森林裹的其它生物
have different ways of surviving the cold winter months.
有不同的方法度过寒冬
In Northern Quebec, beneath the blanket of insulating snow
在北魁比克省，
在隔热的积雪掩埋下
is a beaver lodge.
是海狸的巢穴
The steam plume comes from the cozy interior,
占据舒适巢穴的麝鼠制造的蒸汽
currently occupied by muskrats.
不断从地下冒出
Muskrats resemble beavers, but are smaller,
麝鼠长得像海狸
但体型更小尾巴更细
with slender tails.
The muskrats are squatters here,
麝鼠鸠占鹊巢
enjoying the warmth
享受着温暖
while the owners are busy foraging outside.
而此刻主人正在外面奔波觅食
Beavers are vegetarians.
海狸是食草动物
They eat mostly leaves, twigs,and bark.
它们吃叶子细枝和树皮
If times are tough, though,
在条件艰苦的时候
beavers can draw
海狸能依靠尾巴中储存的脂肪维生
on the fat reserves stored in their tails.
Muskrats have a similar diet.
麝鼠跟海狸有类似的饮食习惯
The beavers keep a submerged larder
海狸把柳树和山杨不断存入
of willow and aspen in their pond
水下的储物室
so they don't have to venture out above the ice
这样在寒冬冰封之下也安然无恙
to forage in the cold winter months.
不用外出觅食
Until this unique new footage was filmed
直到拍摄这段视频的时候
inside a wild beavers' lodge,
麝鼠这个不速之客
muskrats had always been thought of as freeloaders.
一直呆在海狸的家裹白吃白住
But this muskrat can clearly be seen
但是能很清楚的看到
plastering mud onto the lodge wall,
麝鼠用泥土修补墙壁
making a direct contribution to its weatherproofing.
为它自己的保暖工作出力
Maybe it's time to give the "Busy Muskrat"
或许该给这只勤奋的麝鼠
some recognition.
一些赞美
This is the first time muskrats have been recorded
这是首次发现麝鼠
帮助海狸修筑巢穴的影像记录
helping beavers maintain a lodge.
[Chewing sounds]
Meanwhile,
与此同时
in the frozen winter world outside the lodge,
小窝外面的冰天雪地
change is coming.
也发生着改变
Canada's Boreal forest contains the highest concentration
加拿大北方森林
拥有世上最密集的湖泊湿地
of lakes, wetlands,and undammed rivers on earth.
无水坝河川
And as winter ends,
冬天结束的时候
the vast Boreal wetland come to life.
广裹的北方湿地重获新生
A pair of western grebes.
一对北美鷿鷈
This spectacular water-walking dance
这场华丽的水上舞蹈
is their courtship display.
是它们的求偶表演
Spring is a busy season for many wetland creatures,
春天对许多湿地生物来说
是个忙碌的季节
and the beavers are no exception.
海狸也不例外
Their lodge is now an island,surrounded by a shallow pond.
它们的窝现在变成了
被浅水包围的小岛
The beavers created it by damming up a small creek.
海狸在小溪筑坝修建的这片浅滩
They must regularly patrol their dam,
它们必须不时地修补堤坝
making sure it stays watertight.
确保它不漏水
If they find a leak,
要是发现渗漏
they quickly set to work to fix it.
它们会迅速修补好
Beavers are one of the largest rodents in the world,
海狸是世界上最大型的啮齿类之一
and they use their strength to great advantage.
它们利用了力量上的优势
All this fetching and carrying uses up a lot of energy.
这些杂务要消耗大量体能
A beaver's diet is relatively low in calories,
海狸的食物卡路里含量很低
so they need to spend a lot of time feeding.
所以它们需要花费大量的时闲进食
The dam mending is completed
要修补好堤坝
by jamming mud and weed in the chinks between the logs.
得在原木的缝隙中塞进泥土和杂草
Beaver dams may span over a hundred metres.
海狸的堤坝可能绵延百米
That's a lot of maintenance work for the adult pair.
海狸夫妇有很多维修工作要做
The beavers' pond provides a habitat for waterfowl.
海狸的池塘为水禽提供了栖息地
A pair of ring-necked ducks.
例如这对环颈鸭
Pumped up with spring hormones,
春心萌动
male red-winged blackbirds stake out their territory
雄红翅黑丽乌
用歌声宣告领地的所有权
in song.
[Sings]
A Canada goose has made her nest on top of the lodge.
一只加拿大黑雁在海狸的屋顶筑了巢
Her eggs were safe here,but now that they have hatched,
它的蛋很安全
但现在已经孵化了
she needs to move them
它需要转移阵地
so she can teach her young to find food.
教小家伙们如何捕食
But something along the water's edge
但是水边有只动物进入了它的视野
has caught her eye...
[Honking]
Reacting to the goose's alarm call,
黑雁随即发出警报
the beaver's tail-slap
海狸的尾巴拍水
warns every other resident of the pond.
警告池塘裹的其他居民
At the pond's edge,
在水边
a Red-necked grebe hops off her nest.
一只赤颈鷿鷈离开巢穴
She can always lay another clutch if needs be.
如果需要的话它能一直呆在水中
Though their cover has been blown,
即使伪装已经暴露
the wolves seem reluctant to give up entirely
狼看起来还不想放弃
on their duck-hunting ambitions.
它的猎鸭美梦
When large prey is scarce,
如果大的搞不定
wolves will often hunt smaller animals.
狼通常会选择猎捕较小的动物
But in this deep water,it's a losing game,
但是在这样的深水中一切只是徒劳
and the wolf soon gives up the chase.
很快狼放弃了追逐
Once the wolves have gone,
狼一走开
life on the pond returns to normal.
这儿的一切恢复了正常
The grebe settles back down to incubate her clutch of eggs...
赤颈鷿鷈回来继续孵蛋
While her mate brings an offering of water-weeds.
等它的配偶带回一些蕴草
Now the goose can take her goslings to find food.
现在黑雁已经能带着孩子去觅食了
Thanks in part to beavers,
海狸功不可没
Canada's Boreal forest is as much a forest of blue
加拿大北部森林即是蓝色森林
as it is of green.
也是绿色的
Beaver-dammed waterways regulate the flow of rainwater,
海狸的堤坝调整了水流
reducing flooding and allowing silt to settle out
减少了洪水疏通了河道
and clear water to flow.
清洁了流水
The beavers' effect on the landscape is so profound,
海狸对该地的环境影响深远
the Blackfoot People had a saying
北部黑脚人有句古话
that "Beavers constructed the world in which we live."
“海狸建了我们生存的世界”
The early European explorers, however,
但早期的欧洲探险者
saw beavers in a very different light.
却看至l〕了海狸完全不同的一面
In 1659, two French adventurers
1659年，两名法国探险者
mounted an ambitious trading journey
开始了一场野心勃勃的旅途
from the St. Lawrence river
从圣劳伦斯河出发
deep into the wilderness of Canada's heartland.
深入加拿大腹地的荒野地带
The following summer,
翌年夏天
the explorers suddenly reappeared...
这两个人突然又出现了
This time with company.
这次带着大票人马
The trading journey had amassed a remarkable 55 tonnes of furs,
虐走了骇人听闻的五十五吨重的毛皮
requiring a flotilla of 100 canoes
为了运送这些毛皮
船队有足足一百艘船
to carry them all.
The fur industry decimated the beaver population.
毛皮贸易猎杀了绝大部分海狸
Prior to the arrival of Europeans,
在欧洲人来之前
there were at least 400 million beavers
这片大陆上至少有四亿只海狸
on the continent.
Today, there are just twelve million.
现在仅存一千二百万只
Beavers vanished from many areas,
很多地方海狸都已绝迹
profoundly changing
这极大地改变了森林的面貌
the character of the forest landscape.
But here, change isn't always gradual.
但改变并不一定循序渐进
有些时候来得那么突然
Sometimes it can arrive
with instant and terrifying force.
带着骇人的力量
In the vast evergreen forests of Western Ontario,
在安大略西部的广裹常绿林裹
summer lightning has sparked a huge fire.
夏日闪电引发了一场大火
With flames shooting over a hundred metres high,
the fire front is threatening a valuable timber reserve,
火焰高度超过百米
大火正威胁着一片珍贵的森林保护区
and there are human settlements in the area too.
以及该地区的居民
For most of the last century,
modern forestry viewed fire as a destructive force.
现代林业学家认为
上世纪的多数时闲裹
森林大火具有毁灭性力量
Today, fire is recognized
as an essential part of the forest's life cycle,
而现在
大火被认为是森林生物周期的重要组成部分
and now wildfires are allowed to burn unchecked
现在如果没有危害到人类的生命财产
unless they threaten human life or property.
可以对森林大火置之不理
Fire has always been
a natural part of this landscape,
火一直以来都是大自然的一部分
and the trees of the Boreal
have had thousands of years to adapt.
北方森林的树木
耗费数千年去适应它
In the wake of the flames,
the cones of the jack pine unfurl,
在大火的帮助下
斑克松松果张开
releasing their seeds.
传播种子
Over time, new trees grow up,
and the forest gradually recovers.
若干年后，新的树木长起来
森林慢慢复原
But some changes to the heartland
are not so readily reversed.
但腹地的有些变化已经很难逆转了
Over three centuries of European settlement,
在欧洲人长达三个多世纪的殖民统治内
the prairie landscape has radically changed.
大草原的面貌发生了翻天覆地的变化
Neatly plowed farms and fenced-in cattle ranches
整齐的农场和圈围的牧场
now occupy 80% of the original wild grassland.
已占据了原始野生草原的八成
All that remains of the vast bison herds
that once roamed the prairie
大草原上曾近随处可见的野牛
are a few small, closely managed herds
如今仅幸存几个小种群了
in wildlife preserves and game ranches.
被集中保护在
自然保护区和观光牧场
On a game ranch in Manitoba,
a female bison has just given birth.
在马尼托巴省的一个观光牧场
一头小母牛刚刚诞生了
This calf is entering a world
where she will be protected from predators,
这个小家伙出生在一个
given extra feed in winter,
远离猎食者的威胁
and generally cosseted by her human owners.
舒适地度过冬日
被人类宠爱的陌生世界
The formidable animal
that once helped shape the prairie landscape
曾参与塑造草原景观的令人敬畏的动物
has become a profitable commodity.
已经沦为牟利的工具
Shaped over thousands of years in the open prairie landscape,
数千年来一直塑造着开阔大草原的野牛
faced with the ever-present threat of marauding wolves,
无时无刻不面临着狼的威胁
the calf instinctively struggles to its feet
在出生后的几分钟内
within minutes of birth.
小家伙挣扎着站起来
Domestication may have changed its circumstances,
尽管生在囚笼之中
but this little bison remains wild at heart.
但小牛天性犹存
In Southwestern Alberta,near the Rocky Mountains,
farms and fences now dominate The Prairie landscape,
在亚伯达省西南部落基山脉附近
大草原上随处可见农场和栅栏
but it doesn't mean
that all wildlife has disappeared.
但这并不意味着
这裹没有野生动物
In recent years,some surprising animals
have started to reappear
在最近几年内
一些令人惊奇的动物再次出现了
amongst the cattle fields and pastures
in what was once
在牛放牧的田野和牧场
their traditional prairie habitat...
曾经是它们世代维生的草原栖地
Grizzly bears.
它就是灰熊
And she isn't alone.
它可不是独自前来
She has three half-grown cubs with her.
还带着两个亚成年的孩子
These days, grizzlies are a rare sight on the prairie,
如今灰熊在草原上非常罕见
but it was not always so.
但并不是一直如此
When Europeans came here 300 years ago,
在欧洲人来此的三百年前
they were common
across the prairies of Southern Canada.
它们在加拿大南部大草原上随处可见
But the people that settled here thought them dangerous,
and often shot them on sight.
但是这儿的居民觉得它们很危险
经常射杀它们
By the middle of the last century,
grizzlies had been driven to extinction
上世纪中期
right across the prairies.
漫步在大草原上的灰熊销声匿迹
However, some bears survived in the mountains to the west,
但仍然有一些在落基山脉西部幸存下来
occasionally wandering down to the plains.
时不时地走到这裹
Although much of their diet is plant based,
at certain times of the year,
虽然它们主要吃素
some grizzly bears do kill and eat livestock...
但某些时候
有些灰熊也捕食家畜
So it's a testament to our changing attitudes
that people are willing
这说明人们的态度正在转变
to explore a new relationship with these amazing animals.
人们愿意和这种惊艳的动物
建立良好的新关系
For thousands of years,
humans have lived alongside wildlife
几千年来
in Canada's heartland,
人们和野生动物共享加拿大心脏腹地
and so long as we afford nature the space it needs,
所以只要我们给予它们需要的生存空闲
it will continue to flourish...
And surprise us.
动物们将会继续繁荣兴旺
幸及以我们连连惊喜